The Water Surrounding the Iceberg: Cultural Racism and Health Inequities.
culture
fundamental causes
health disparity
racism
social determinants of health
Journal
The Milbank quarterly
ISSN: 1468-0009
Titre abrégé: Milbank Q
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8607003
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
09 2023
09 2023
Historique:
revised:
03
04
2023
received:
16
09
2022
accepted:
08
05
2023
pmc-release:
01
09
2024
medline:
21
9
2023
pubmed:
12
7
2023
entrez:
12
7
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Policy Points Cultural racism-or the widespread values that privilege and protect Whiteness and White social and economic power-permeates all levels of society, uplifts other dimensions of racism, and contributes to health inequities. Overt forms of racism, such as racial hate crimes, represent only the "tip of the iceberg," whereas structural and institutional racism represent its base. This paper advances cultural racism as the "water surrounding the iceberg," allowing it to float while obscuring its base. Considering the fundamental role of cultural racism is needed to advance health equity. Cultural racism is a pervasive social toxin that surrounds all other dimensions of racism to produce and maintain racial health inequities. Yet, cultural racism has received relatively little attention in the public health literature. The purpose of this paper is to 1) provide public health researchers and policymakers with a clearer understanding of what cultural racism is, 2) provide an understanding of how it operates in conjunction with the other dimensions of racism to produce health inequities, and 3) offer directions for future research and interventions on cultural racism. We conducted a nonsystematic, multidisciplinary review of theory and empirical evidence that conceptualizes, measures, and documents the consequences of cultural racism for social and health inequities. Cultural racism can be defined as a culture of White supremacy, which values, protects, and normalizes Whiteness and White social and economic power. This ideological system operates at the level of our shared social consciousness and is expressed in the language, symbols, and media representations of dominant society. Cultural racism surrounds and bolsters structural, institutional, personally mediated, and internalized racism, undermining health through material, cognitive/affective, biologic, and behavioral mechanisms across the life course. More time, research, and funding is needed to advance measurement, elucidate mechanisms, and develop evidence-based policy interventions to reduce cultural racism and promote health equity.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37435779
doi: 10.1111/1468-0009.12662
pmc: PMC10509530
doi:
Substances chimiques
Water
059QF0KO0R
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
768-814Subventions
Organisme : NIMHD NIH HHS
ID : R00 MD012615
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMHD NIH HHS
ID : R01 MD015716
Pays : United States
Organisme : NHLBI NIH HHS
ID : F31HL151284
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMHD NIH HHS
ID : R00MD012615
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMHD NIH HHS
ID : R01MD015716
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : OT2 OD032581
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
© 2023 The Authors. The Milbank Quarterly published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Milbank Memorial Fund.
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