Comparing Neural Correlates of Consciousness: From Psychedelics to Hypnosis and Meditation.
Consciousness
Hypnosis
LSD
Meditation
Psilocybin
rsfMRI functional connectivity
Journal
Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging
ISSN: 2451-9030
Titre abrégé: Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101671285
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
17 Jul 2023
17 Jul 2023
Historique:
received:
06
02
2023
revised:
23
05
2023
accepted:
07
07
2023
pubmed:
18
7
2023
medline:
18
7
2023
entrez:
17
7
2023
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
Pharmacological and nonpharmacological methods of inducing altered states of consciousness (ASCs) are becoming increasingly relevant in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. While comparisons between them are often drawn, to date no study has directly compared their neural correlates. To address this knowledge gap, we directly compared 2 pharmacological methods (psilocybin 0.2 mg/kg orally [n = 23] and lysergic acid diethylamide [LSD] 100 μg orally [n = 25]) and 2 nonpharmacological methods (hypnosis [n = 30] and meditation [n = 29]) using resting-state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging and assessed the predictive value of the data using a machine learning approach. We found that 1) no network reached significance in all 4 ASC methods; 2) pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions of inducing ASCs showed distinct connectivity patterns that were predictive at the individual level; 3) hypnosis and meditation showed differences in functional connectivity when compared directly and also drove distinct differences when jointly compared with the pharmacological ASC interventions; and 4) psilocybin and LSD showed no differences in functional connectivity when directly compared with each other, but they did show distinct behavioral-neural relationships. Overall, these results extend our understanding of the mechanisms of action of ASCs and highlight the importance of exploring how these effects can be leveraged in the treatment of psychiatric disorders.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Pharmacological and nonpharmacological methods of inducing altered states of consciousness (ASCs) are becoming increasingly relevant in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. While comparisons between them are often drawn, to date no study has directly compared their neural correlates.
METHODS
METHODS
To address this knowledge gap, we directly compared 2 pharmacological methods (psilocybin 0.2 mg/kg orally [n = 23] and lysergic acid diethylamide [LSD] 100 μg orally [n = 25]) and 2 nonpharmacological methods (hypnosis [n = 30] and meditation [n = 29]) using resting-state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging and assessed the predictive value of the data using a machine learning approach.
RESULTS
RESULTS
We found that 1) no network reached significance in all 4 ASC methods; 2) pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions of inducing ASCs showed distinct connectivity patterns that were predictive at the individual level; 3) hypnosis and meditation showed differences in functional connectivity when compared directly and also drove distinct differences when jointly compared with the pharmacological ASC interventions; and 4) psilocybin and LSD showed no differences in functional connectivity when directly compared with each other, but they did show distinct behavioral-neural relationships.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
Overall, these results extend our understanding of the mechanisms of action of ASCs and highlight the importance of exploring how these effects can be leveraged in the treatment of psychiatric disorders.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37459910
pii: S2451-9022(23)00174-X
doi: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2023.07.003
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2023 Society of Biological Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.