Neuroprotective Effects of Nanowired Delivery of Cerebrolysin with Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Monoclonal Antibodies to Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase in Brain Pathology Following Alzheimer's Disease Exacerbated by Concussive Head Injury.
Humans
Alzheimer Disease
/ metabolism
Neuroprotective Agents
/ therapeutic use
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I
/ metabolism
Antibodies, Monoclonal
/ metabolism
Amyloid beta-Peptides
/ metabolism
Brain
/ metabolism
Mesenchymal Stem Cells
/ metabolism
Nerve Growth Factors
/ metabolism
Craniocerebral Trauma
/ drug therapy
Alzheimer’s disease
Brain edema
Brain pathology
Cerebrolysin
Mesenchymal stem cells
Nanomedicine blood–brain barrier
Nanowired delivery
Nitric oxide synthase-neuroprotection
Oxidative stress
Traumatic brain injury
Journal
Advances in neurobiology
ISSN: 2190-5215
Titre abrégé: Adv Neurobiol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101571545
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2023
2023
Historique:
medline:
23
10
2023
pubmed:
22
7
2023
entrez:
22
7
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Concussive head injury (CHI) is one of the major risk factors in developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) in military personnel at later stages of life. Breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in CHI leads to extravasation of plasma amyloid beta protein (ΑβP) into the brain fluid compartments precipitating AD brain pathology. Oxidative stress in CHI or AD is likely to enhance production of nitric oxide indicating a role of its synthesizing enzyme neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in brain pathology. Thus, exploration of the novel roles of nanomedicine in AD or CHI reducing NOS upregulation for neuroprotection are emerging. Recent research shows that stem cells and neurotrophic factors play key roles in CHI-induced aggravation of AD brain pathologies. Previous studies in our laboratory demonstrated that CHI exacerbates AD brain pathology in model experiments. Accordingly, it is quite likely that nanodelivery of NOS antibodies together with cerebrolysin and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) will induce superior neuroprotection in AD associated with CHI. In this review, co-administration of TiO
Identifiants
pubmed: 37480461
doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-32997-5_4
doi:
Substances chimiques
Neuroprotective Agents
0
cerebrolysin
37KZM6S21G
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I
EC 1.14.13.39
Antibodies, Monoclonal
0
Amyloid beta-Peptides
0
Nerve Growth Factors
0
Types de publication
Review
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
139-192Informations de copyright
© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
Références
Carr DJ, Lewis E, Horsfall I. A systematic review of military head injuries. J R Army Med Corps. 2017;163(1):13–9. https://doi.org/10.1136/jramc-2015-000600 . Epub 2016 Feb 23.
doi: 10.1136/jramc-2015-000600
pubmed: 26908507
Bhattrai A, Irimia A, Van Horn JD. Neuroimaging of traumatic brain injury in military personnel: an overview. J Clin Neurosci. 2019;70:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocn.2019.07.001 . Epub 2019 Jul 19.
doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2019.07.001
pubmed: 31331746
pmcid: 6861663
Armistead-Jehle P, Soble JR, Cooper DB, Belanger HG. Unique aspects of traumatic brain injury in military and veteran populations. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2017;28(2):323–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmr.2016.12.008 .
doi: 10.1016/j.pmr.2016.12.008
pubmed: 28390516
Tovar MA, Bell RS, Neal CJ. Epidemiology of blast neurotrauma: a meta-analysis of blast injury patterns in the military and civilian populations. World Neurosurg. 2021;146:308–14.e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2020.11.093 . Epub 2020 Nov 25.
doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.11.093
Helmick KM, Spells CA, Malik SZ, Davies CA, Marion DW, Hinds SR. Traumatic brain injury in the US military: epidemiology and key clinical and research programs. Brain Imag Behav. 2015;9(3):358–66. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11682-015-9399-z .
doi: 10.1007/s11682-015-9399-z
Mendez MF. What is the relationship of traumatic brain injury to dementia? J Alzheimers Dis. 2017;57(3):667–81. https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-161002 .
doi: 10.3233/JAD-161002
pubmed: 28269777
LoBue C, Munro C, Schaffert J, Didehbani N, Hart J, Batjer H, Cullum CM. Traumatic brain injury and risk of long-term brain changes, accumulation of pathological markers, and developing dementia: a review. J Alzheimers Dis. 2019;70(3):629–54. https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-190028 .
doi: 10.3233/JAD-190028
pubmed: 31282414
Rasmusson DX, Brandt J, Martin DB, Folstein MF. Head injury as a risk factor in Alzheimer’s disease. Brain Inj. 1995;9(3):213–9. https://doi.org/10.3109/02699059509008194 .
doi: 10.3109/02699059509008194
pubmed: 7606235
O’Meara ES, Kukull WA, Sheppard L, Bowen JD, McCormick WC, Teri L, Pfanschmidt M, Thompson JD, Schellenberg GD, Larson EB. Head injury and risk of Alzheimer’s disease by apolipoprotein E genotype. Am J Epidemiol. 1997;146(5):373–84. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009290 .
doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009290
pubmed: 9290497
Fleminger S, Oliver DL, Lovestone S, Rabe-Hesketh S, Giora A. Head injury as a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease: the evidence 10 years on; a partial replication. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2003;74(7):857–62. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.74.7.857 .
doi: 10.1136/jnnp.74.7.857
pubmed: 12810767
pmcid: 1738550
Wilson JT. Head injury and Alzheimer’s disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2003;74(7):841. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.74.7.841 .
doi: 10.1136/jnnp.74.7.841
pubmed: 12810761
pmcid: 1738541
Mielke MM, Ransom JE, Mandrekar J, Turcano P, Savica R, Brown AW. Traumatic brain injury and risk of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias in the population. J Alzheimers Dis. 2022;88(3):1049–59. https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-220159 .
doi: 10.3233/JAD-220159
pubmed: 35723103
pmcid: 9378485
Sibener L, Zaganjor I, Snyder HM, Bain LJ, Egge R, Carrillo MC. Alzheimer’s disease prevalence, costs, and prevention for military personnel and veterans. Alzheimers Dement. 2014;10(3 Suppl):S105–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2014.04.011 .
doi: 10.1016/j.jalz.2014.04.011
pubmed: 24924663
Brett BL, Gardner RC, Godbout J, Dams-O’Connor K, Keene CD. Traumatic brain injury and risk of neurodegenerative disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2022;91(5):498–507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.05.025 . Epub 2021 Jun 2.
doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.05.025
pubmed: 34364650
Armstrong RA, McKee AC, Stein TD, Alvarez VE, Cairns NJ. Cortical degeneration in chronic traumatic encephalopathy and Alzheimer’s disease neuropathologic change. Neurol Sci. 2019;40(3):529–33. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-018-3686-6 . Epub 2018 Dec 18.
doi: 10.1007/s10072-018-3686-6
pubmed: 30564964
Carnahan JL, Judge KS, Daggy JK, Slaven JE, Coleman N, Fortier EL, Suelzer C, Fowler NR. Supporting caregivers of veterans with Alzheimer’s disease and traumatic brain injury: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2020;21(1):340. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-020-4199-1 .
doi: 10.1186/s13063-020-4199-1
pubmed: 32306982
pmcid: 7168967
Kempuraj D, Ahmed ME, Selvakumar GP, Thangavel R, Raikwar SP, Zaheer SA, Iyer SS, Burton C, James D, Zaheer A. Psychological stress-induced immune response and risk of Alzheimer’s disease in veterans from operation enduring freedom and operation Iraqi freedom. Clin Ther. 2020;42(6):974–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinthera.2020.02.018 . Epub 2020 Mar 14.
doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2020.02.018
pubmed: 32184013
pmcid: 7308186
Elder GA. Update on TBI and cognitive impairment in military veterans. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2015;15(10):68. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11910-015-0591-8 .
doi: 10.1007/s11910-015-0591-8
pubmed: 26299275
Tolppanen AM, Taipale H, Hartikainen S. Head or brain injuries and Alzheimer’s disease: a nested case-control register study. Alzheimers Dement. 2017;13(12):1371–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2017.04.010 . Epub 2017 Jun 7.
doi: 10.1016/j.jalz.2017.04.010
pubmed: 28599121
Guo Z, Cupples LA, Kurz A, Auerbach SH, Volicer L, Chui H, Green RC, Sadovnick AD, Duara R, DeCarli C, Johnson K, Go RC, Growdon JH, Haines JL, Kukull WA, Farrer LA. Head injury and the risk of AD in the MIRAGE study. Neurology. 2000;54(6):1316–23. https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.54.6.1316 .
doi: 10.1212/wnl.54.6.1316
pubmed: 10746604
Meysami S, Raji CA, Merrill DA, Porter VR, Mendez MF. MRI volumetric quantification in persons with a history of traumatic brain injury and cognitive impairment. J Alzheimers Dis. 2019;72(1):293–300. https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-190708 .
doi: 10.3233/JAD-190708
pubmed: 31561375
pmcid: 7680654
Shively S, Scher AI, Perl DP, Diaz-Arrastia R. Dementia resulting from traumatic brain injury: what is the pathology? Arch Neurol. 2012;69(10):1245–51. https://doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.3747 .
doi: 10.1001/archneurol.2011.3747
pubmed: 22776913
pmcid: 3716376
Ramalho J, Castillo M. Dementia resulting from traumatic brain injury. Dement Neuropsychol. 2015;9(4):356–68. https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-57642015DN94000356 .
doi: 10.1590/1980-57642015DN94000356
pubmed: 29213985
pmcid: 5619318
Barnes DE, Byers AL, Gardner RC, Seal KH, Boscardin WJ, Yaffe K. Association of mild traumatic brain injury with and without loss of consciousness with dementia in US military veterans. JAMA Neurol. 2018;75(9):1055–61. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2018.0815 .
doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2018.0815
pubmed: 29801145
pmcid: 6143113
Sharma HS, Muresanu DF, Castellani RJ, Nozari A, Lafuente JV, Buzoianu AD, Sahib S, Tian ZR, Bryukhovetskiy I, Manzhulo I, Menon PK, Patnaik R, Wiklund L, Sharma A. Alzheimer’s disease neuropathology is exacerbated following traumatic brain injury. Neuroprotection by co-administration of nanowired mesenchymal stem cells and cerebrolysin with monoclonal antibodies to amyloid beta peptide. Prog Brain Res. 2021;265:1–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2021.04.008 . Epub 2021 Aug 12.
doi: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2021.04.008
pubmed: 34560919
Sharma HS, Muresanu DF, Lafuente JV, Patnaik R, Tian ZR, Ozkizilcik A, Castellani RJ, Mössler H, Sharma A. Co-administration of TiO
doi: 10.1007/s12035-017-0742-9
pubmed: 28844104
Sharma HS, Muresanu DF, Castellani RJ, Nozari A, Lafuente JV, Tian ZR, Ozkizilcik A, Manzhulo I, Mössler H, Sharma A. Nanowired delivery of cerebrolysin with neprilysin and p-Tau antibodies induces superior neuroprotection in Alzheimer’s disease. Prog Brain Res. 2019;245:145–200. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2019.03.009 . Epub 2019 Apr 2.
doi: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2019.03.009
pubmed: 30961867
Graham NS, Sharp DJ. Understanding neurodegeneration after traumatic brain injury: from mechanisms to clinical trials in dementia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2019;90(11):1221–33. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2017-317557 . Epub 2019 Sep 21.
doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2017-317557
pubmed: 31542723
Johnson VE, Stewart W, Smith DH. Axonal pathology in traumatic brain injury. Exp Neurol. 2013;246:35–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2012.01.013 . Epub 2012 Jan 20.
doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2012.01.013
pubmed: 22285252
Rajič Bumber J, Pilipović K, Janković T, Dolenec P, Gržeta N, Križ J, Župan G. Repetitive traumatic brain injury is associated with TDP-43 alterations, neurodegeneration, and glial activation in mice. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2021;80(1):2–14. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnen/nlaa130 .
doi: 10.1093/jnen/nlaa130
pubmed: 33212475
Abu Hamdeh S, Ciuculete DM, Sarkisyan D, Bakalkin G, Ingelsson M, Schiöth HB, Marklund N. Differential DNA methylation of the genes for amyloid precursor protein, tau, and neurofilaments in human traumatic brain injury. J Neurotrauma. 2021;38(12):1679–88. https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2020.7283 . Epub 2021 Jan 8.
doi: 10.1089/neu.2020.7283
pubmed: 33191850
Zhou S, Sun XC. Influence of apolipoprotein E and its receptors on cerebral amyloid precursor protein metabolism following traumatic brain injury. Chin J Traumatol. 2012;15(3):183–7.
pubmed: 22663916
Glushakova OY, Glushakov AO, Borlongan CV, Valadka AB, Hayes RL, Glushakov AV. Role of caspase-3-mediated apoptosis in chronic caspase-3-cleaved tau accumulation and blood-brain barrier damage in the corpus callosum after traumatic brain injury in rats. J Neurotrauma. 2018;35(1):157–73. https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2017.4999 . Epub 2017 Jul 21.
doi: 10.1089/neu.2017.4999
pubmed: 28637381
Feng J, Zhou Z, Feng R, Zeng C, Wei M, Hong T. Silencing long non-coding RNA zinc finger antisense 1 restricts secondary cerebral edema and neuron injuries after traumatic brain injury. Neurosci Lett. 2021;756:135958. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135958 . Epub 2021 May 14.
doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135958
pubmed: 34000346
Blasko I, Beer R, Bigl M, Apelt J, Franz G, Rudzki D, Ransmayr G, Kampfl A, Schliebs R. Experimental traumatic brain injury in rats stimulates the expression, production and activity of Alzheimer’s disease beta-secretase (BACE-1). J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2004;111(4):523–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00702-003-0095-6 . Epub 2004.
doi: 10.1007/s00702-003-0095-6
pubmed: 15057522
Tran HT, LaFerla FM, Holtzman DM, Brody DL. Controlled cortical impact traumatic brain injury in 3xTg-AD mice causes acute intra-axonal amyloid-β accumulation and independently accelerates the development of tau abnormalities. J Neurosci. 2011;31(26):9513–25. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0858-11.2011 .
doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0858-11.2011
pubmed: 21715616
pmcid: 3146343
Pavlovic D, Pekic S, Stojanovic M, Popovic V. Traumatic brain injury: neuropathological, neurocognitive and neurobehavioral sequelae. Pituitary. 2019;22(3):270–82. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11102-019-00957-9 .
doi: 10.1007/s11102-019-00957-9
pubmed: 30929221
Scarboro M, McQuillan KA. Traumatic brain injury update. AACN Adv Crit Care. 2021;32(1):29–50. https://doi.org/10.4037/aacnacc2021331 .
doi: 10.4037/aacnacc2021331
pubmed: 33725106
Yang WJ, Chen W, Chen L, Guo YJ, Zeng JS, Li GY, Tong WS. Involvement of tau phosphorylation in traumatic brain injury patients. Acta Neurol Scand. 2017;135(6):622–7. https://doi.org/10.1111/ane.12644 . Epub 2016 Jul 21.
doi: 10.1111/ane.12644
pubmed: 27439764
Corrigan F, Cernak I, McAteer K, Hellewell SC, Rosenfeld JV, Turner RJ, Vink R. NK1 antagonists attenuate tau phosphorylation after blast and repeated concussive injury. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):8861. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-88237-0 .
doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-88237-0
pubmed: 33893374
pmcid: 8065119
Cao J, Gaamouch FE, Meabon JS, Meeker KD, Zhu L, Zhong MB, Bendik J, Elder G, Jing P, Xia J, Luo W, Cook DG, Cai D. ApoE4-associated phospholipid dysregulation contributes to development of tau hyper-phosphorylation after traumatic brain injury. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):11372. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-11654-7 .
doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-11654-7
pubmed: 28900205
pmcid: 5595858
Abu Hamdeh S, Waara ER, Möller C, Söderberg L, Basun H, Alafuzoff I, Hillered L, Lannfelt L, Ingelsson M, Marklund N. Rapid amyloid-β oligomer and protofibril accumulation in traumatic brain injury. Brain Pathol. 2018;28(4):451–62. https://doi.org/10.1111/bpa.12532 . Epub 2017 Jun 19.
doi: 10.1111/bpa.12532
pubmed: 28557010
Tsitsopoulos PP, Marklund N. Amyloid-β peptides and tau protein as biomarkers in cerebrospinal and interstitial fluid following traumatic brain injury: a review of experimental and clinical studies. Front Neurol. 2013;4:79. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2013.00079 . eCollection 2013.
doi: 10.3389/fneur.2013.00079
pubmed: 23805125
pmcid: 3693096
McKee AC, Stein TD, Kiernan PT, Alvarez VE. The neuropathology of chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Brain Pathol. 2015;25(3):350–64. https://doi.org/10.1111/bpa.12248 .
doi: 10.1111/bpa.12248
pubmed: 25904048
pmcid: 4526170
Ling H, Hardy J, Zetterberg H. Neurological consequences of traumatic brain injuries in sports. Mol Cell Neurosci. 2015;66(Pt B):114–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcn.2015.03.012 . Epub 2015 Mar 12.
doi: 10.1016/j.mcn.2015.03.012
pubmed: 25770439
Edwards G 3rd, Zhao J, Dash PK, Soto C, Moreno-Gonzalez I. Traumatic brain injury induces tau aggregation and spreading. J Neurotrauma. 2020;37(1):80–92. https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2018.6348 . Epub 2019 Aug 28.
doi: 10.1089/neu.2018.6348
pubmed: 31317824
McKee AC, Cantu RC, Nowinski CJ, Hedley-Whyte ET, Gavett BE, Budson AE, Santini VE, Lee HS, Kubilus CA, Stern RA. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy in athletes: progressive tauopathy after repetitive head injury. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2009;68(7):709–35. https://doi.org/10.1097/NEN.0b013e3181a9d503 .
doi: 10.1097/NEN.0b013e3181a9d503
pubmed: 19535999
Mohamed AZ, Cumming P, Srour H, Gunasena T, Uchida A, Haller CN, Nasrallah F, Department of Defense Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Amyloid pathology fingerprint differentiates post-traumatic stress disorder and traumatic brain injury. Neuroimage Clin. 2018;19:716–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2018.05.016 . eCollection 2018.
doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2018.05.016
pubmed: 30009128
pmcid: 6041560
Kozlov AV, Bahrami S, Redl H, Szabo C. Alterations in nitric oxide homeostasis during traumatic brain injury. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol basis Dis. 2017;1863(10 Pt B):2627–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.12.020 . Epub 2017 Jan 5.
doi: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.12.020
pubmed: 28064018
Sharma HS, Lafuente JV, Muresanu DF, Sahib S, Tian ZR, Menon PK, Castellani RJ, Nozari A, Buzoianu AD, Sjöquist PO, Patnaik R, Wiklund L, Sharma A. Neuroprotective effects of insulin like growth factor-1 on engineered metal nanoparticles Ag, Cu and Al induced blood-brain barrier breakdown, edema formation, oxidative stress, upregulation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase and brain pathology. Prog Brain Res. 2021;266:97–121. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2021.06.005 . Epub 2021 Aug 13.
doi: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2021.06.005
pubmed: 34689867
Sharma HS, Nyberg F, Westman J, Alm P, Gordh T, Lindholm D. Brain derived neurotrophic factor and insulin like growth factor-1 attenuate upregulation of nitric oxide synthase and cell injury following trauma to the spinal cord. An immunohistochemical study in the rat. Amino Acids. 1998;14(1–3):121–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01345252 .
doi: 10.1007/BF01345252
pubmed: 9871451
Sharma HS, Wiklund L, Badgaiyan RD, Mohanty S, Alm P. Intracerebral administration of neuronal nitric oxide synthase antiserum attenuates traumatic brain injury-induced blood-brain barrier permeability, brain edema formation, and sensory motor disturbances in the rat. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2006;96:288–94. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-211-30714-1_62 .
doi: 10.1007/3-211-30714-1_62
pubmed: 16671473
Sharma HS, Badgaiyan RD, Alm P, Mohanty S, Wiklund L. Neuroprotective effects of nitric oxide synthase inhibitors in spinal cord injury-induced pathophysiology and motor functions: an experimental study in the rat. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2005;1053:422–34. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2005.tb00051.x .
doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2005.tb00051.x
pubmed: 16179549
Sharma HS, Alm P, Westman J. Nitric oxide and carbon monoxide in the brain pathology of heat stress. Prog Brain Res. 1998;115:297–333. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0079-6123(08)62041-5 .
doi: 10.1016/s0079-6123(08)62041-5
pubmed: 9632941
Sharma HS, Westman J, Olsson Y, Alm P. Involvement of nitric oxide in acute spinal cord injury: an immunocytochemical study using light and electron microscopy in the rat. Neurosci Res. 1996;24(4):373–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-0102(95)01015-7 .
doi: 10.1016/0168-0102(95)01015-7
pubmed: 8861107
Sharma HS, Nyberg F, Gordh T, Alm P. Topical application of dynorphin A (1-17) antibodies attenuates neuronal nitric oxide synthase up-regulation, edema formation, and cell injury following focal trauma to the rat spinal cord. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2006;96:309–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-211-30714-1_66 .
doi: 10.1007/3-211-30714-1_66
pubmed: 16671477
Sharma A, Sharma HS. Monoclonal antibodies as novel neurotherapeutic agents in CNS injury and repair. Int Rev Neurobiol. 2012;102:23–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-386986-9.00002-8 .
doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-386986-9.00002-8
pubmed: 22748825
Sharma HS, Patnaik R, Patnaik S, Mohanty S, Sharma A, Vannemreddy P. Antibodies to serotonin attenuate closed head injury induced blood brain barrier disruption and brain pathology. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2007;1122:295–312. https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1403.022 .
doi: 10.1196/annals.1403.022
pubmed: 18077582
Sharma HS, Patnaik R, Patnaik S, Sharma A, Mohanty S, Vannemreddy P. Antibodies to dynorphin a (1-17) attenuate closed head injury induced blood-brain barrier disruption, brain edema formation and brain pathology in the rat. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2010;106:301–6. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-98811-4_56 .
doi: 10.1007/978-3-211-98811-4_56
pubmed: 19812968
Malinski T. Nitric oxide and nitroxidative stress in Alzheimer’s disease. J Alzheimers Dis. 2007;11(2):207–18. https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-2007-11208 .
doi: 10.3233/jad-2007-11208
pubmed: 17522445
Pacher P, Beckman JS, Liaudet L. Nitric oxide and peroxynitrite in health and disease. Physiol Rev. 2007;87(1):315–424. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00029.2006 .
doi: 10.1152/physrev.00029.2006
pubmed: 17237348
Guix FX, Uribesalgo I, Coma M, Muñoz FJ. The physiology and pathophysiology of nitric oxide in the brain. Prog Neurobiol. 2005;76(2):126–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pneurobio.2005.06.001 .
doi: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2005.06.001
pubmed: 16115721
Drechsel DA, Estévez AG, Barbeito L, Beckman JS. Nitric oxide-mediated oxidative damage and the progressive demise of motor neurons in ALS. Neurotox Res. 2012;22(4):251–64. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12640-012-9322-y . Epub 2012 Apr 10.
doi: 10.1007/s12640-012-9322-y
pubmed: 22488161
pmcid: 4145402
Alderton WK, Cooper CE, Knowles RG. Nitric oxide synthases: structure, function and inhibition. Biochem J. 2001;357(Pt 3):593–615. https://doi.org/10.1042/0264-6021:3570593 .
doi: 10.1042/0264-6021:3570593
pubmed: 11463332
pmcid: 1221991
Dawson TM, Dawson VL. Nitric oxide signaling in neurodegeneration and cell death. Adv Pharmacol. 2018;82:57–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.apha.2017.09.003 . Epub 2017 Oct 25.
doi: 10.1016/bs.apha.2017.09.003
pubmed: 29413528
Snyder SH. Nitric oxide and neurons. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 1992;2(3):323–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/0959-4388(92)90123-3 .
doi: 10.1016/0959-4388(92)90123-3
pubmed: 1353698
Zhang J, Snyder SH. Nitric oxide in the nervous system. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 1995;35:213–33. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pa.35.040195.001241 .
doi: 10.1146/annurev.pa.35.040195.001241
pubmed: 7598492
Wu W, Liuzzi FJ, Schinco FP, Depto AS, Li Y, Mong JA, Dawson TM, Snyder SH. Neuronal nitric oxide synthase is induced in spinal neurons by traumatic injury. Neuroscience. 1994;61(4):719–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4522(94)90394-8 .
doi: 10.1016/0306-4522(94)90394-8
pubmed: 7530816
Dawson TM, Zhang J, Dawson VL, Snyder SH. Nitric oxide: cellular regulation and neuronal injury. Prog Brain Res. 1994;103:365–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0079-6123(08)61150-4 .
doi: 10.1016/s0079-6123(08)61150-4
pubmed: 7533914
Lourenço CF, Ledo A, Barbosa RM, Laranjinha J. Neurovascular uncoupling in the triple transgenic model of Alzheimer’s disease: Impaired cerebral blood flow response to neuronal-derived nitric oxide signaling. Exp Neurol. 2017;291:36–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.01.013 . Epub 2017 Feb 1.
doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.01.013
pubmed: 28161255
Mucke L, Selkoe DJ. Neurotoxicity of amyloid β-protein: synaptic and network dysfunction. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2012;2(7):a006338. https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a006338 .
doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a006338
pubmed: 22762015
pmcid: 3385944
Wallace MN, Geddes JG, Farquhar DA, Masson MR. Nitric oxide synthase in reactive astrocytes adjacent to beta-amyloid plaques. Exp Neurol. 1997;144(2):266–72. https://doi.org/10.1006/exnr.1996.6373 .
doi: 10.1006/exnr.1996.6373
pubmed: 9168828
Rossi F, Bianchini E. Synergistic induction of nitric oxide by beta-amyloid and cytokines in astrocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1996;225(2):474–8. https://doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.1996.1197 .
doi: 10.1006/bbrc.1996.1197
pubmed: 8753786
Stewart SK, Pearce AP, Clasper JC. Fatal head and neck injuries in military underbody blast casualties. J R Army Med Corps. 2019;165(1):18–21. https://doi.org/10.1136/jramc-2018-000942 . Epub 2018 Apr 21.
doi: 10.1136/jramc-2018-000942
pubmed: 29680818
Moriarty H, Robinson KM, Winter L. The additional burden of PTSD on functioning and depression in veterans with traumatic brain injury. Nurs Outlook. 2021;69(2):167–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2020.11.003 . Epub 2021 Feb 17.
doi: 10.1016/j.outlook.2020.11.003
pubmed: 33608113
Langlois JA, Rutland-Brown W, Wald MM. The epidemiology and impact of traumatic brain injury: a brief overview. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2006;21(5):375–8. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001199-200609000-00001 .
doi: 10.1097/00001199-200609000-00001
pubmed: 16983222
National Center for Injury Prevention and Control. Traumattic brain injury & concussion: report to Congress: Traumatic brain injury in the United States, December 1999. https://www.cdc.gov/traumaticbraininjury/pdf/TBI_in_the_US.pdf . Accessed 12 Feb 2000.
Peeters W, van den Brande R, Polinder S, Brazinova A, Steyerberg EW, Lingsma HF, Maas AI. Epidemiology of traumatic brain injury in Europe. Acta Neurochir. 2015;157(10):1683–96. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00701-015-2512-7 . Epub 2015 Aug.
doi: 10.1007/s00701-015-2512-7
pubmed: 26269030
Brazinova A, Rehorcikova V, Taylor MS, Buckova V, Majdan M, Psota M, Peeters W, Feigin V, Theadom A, Holkovic L, Synnot A. Epidemiology of traumatic brain injury in Europe: a living systematic review. J Neurotrauma. 2021;38(10):1411–40. https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2015.4126 . Epub 2018 Dec 19.
doi: 10.1089/neu.2015.4126
pubmed: 26537996
pmcid: 8082737
Tagliaferri F, Compagnone C, Korsic M, Servadei F, Kraus J. A systematic review of brain injury epidemiology in Europe. Acta Neurochir. 2006;148(3):255–68. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00701-005-0651-y . discussion 268.
doi: 10.1007/s00701-005-0651-y
pubmed: 16311842
Li Y, Liu C, Xiao W, Song T, Wang S. Incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of ventilator-associated pneumonia in traumatic brain injury: a meta-analysis. Neurocrit Care. 2020;32(1):272–85. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12028-019-00773-w .
doi: 10.1007/s12028-019-00773-w
pubmed: 31300956
Bellaviti G, Balsamo F, Iosa M, Vella D, Pistarini C. Influence of systemic infection and comorbidities on rehabilitation outcomes in severe acquired brain injury. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2021;57(1):69–77. https://doi.org/10.23736/S1973-9087.20.05939-0 . Epub 2020.
doi: 10.23736/S1973-9087.20.05939-0
pubmed: 33165309
Jassam YN, Izzy S, Whalen M, McGavern DB, El Khoury J. Neuroimmunology of traumatic brain injury: time for a paradigm shift. Neuron. 2017;95(6):1246–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2017.07.010 .
doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.07.010
pubmed: 28910616
pmcid: 5678753
Boone DR, Weisz HA, Willey HE, Torres KEO, Falduto MT, Sinha M, Spratt H, Bolding IJ, Johnson KM, Parsley MA, DeWitt DS, Prough DS, Hellmich HL. Traumatic brain injury induces long-lasting changes in immune and regenerative signaling. PLoS One. 2019;14(4):e0214741. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0214741 . eCollection 2019.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214741
pubmed: 30943276
pmcid: 6447179
Sharma R, Shultz SR, Robinson MJ, Belli A, Hibbs ML, O’Brien TJ, Semple BD. Infections after a traumatic brain injury: the complex interplay between the immune and neurological systems. Brain Behav Immun. 2019;79:63–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2019.04.034 . Epub 2019 Apr 25.
doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.04.034
pubmed: 31029794
Conti A, Miscusi M, Cardali S, Germanò A, Suzuki H, Cuzzocrea S, Tomasello F. Nitric oxide in the injured spinal cord: synthases cross-talk, oxidative stress and inflammation. Brain Res Rev. 2007;54(1):205–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresrev.2007.01.013 .
doi: 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2007.01.013
pubmed: 17500094
Logsdon AF, Schindler AG, Meabon JS, Yagi M, Herbert MJ, Banks WA, Raskind MA, Marshall DA, Keene CD, Perl DP, Peskind ER, Cook DG. Nitric oxide synthase mediates cerebellar dysfunction in mice exposed to repetitive blast-induced mild traumatic brain injury. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):9420. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-66113-7 .
doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-66113-7
pubmed: 32523011
pmcid: 7287110
Serna-Rodríguez MF, Bernal-Vega S, de la Barquera JAO, Camacho-Morales A, Pérez-Maya AA. The role of damage associated molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs) and permeability of the blood-brain barrier in depression and neuroinflammation. J Neuroimmunol. 2022;371:577951. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneuroim.2022.577951 . Epub 2022 Aug 17.
doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2022.577951
pubmed: 35994946
Leow-Dyke S, Allen C, Denes A, Nilsson O, Maysami S, Bowie AG, Rothwell NJ, Pinteaux E. Neuronal Toll-like receptor 4 signaling induces brain endothelial activation and neutrophil transmigration in vitro. J Neuroinflammation. 2012;9:230. https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-2094-9-230 .
doi: 10.1186/1742-2094-9-230
pubmed: 23034047
pmcid: 3481358
Golderman V, Ben-Shimon M, Maggio N, Dori A, Gofrit SG, Berkowitz S, Qassim L, Artan-Furman A, Zeimer T, Chapman J, Shavit-Stein E. Factor VII, EPCR, aPC modulators: novel treatment for neuroinflammation. J Neuroinflammation. 2022;19(1):138. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-022-02505-y .
doi: 10.1186/s12974-022-02505-y
pubmed: 35690769
pmcid: 9187898
Feuerstein GZ, Liu T, Barone FC. Cytokines, inflammation, and brain injury: role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Cerebrovasc Brain Metab Rev. 1994;6(4):341–60.
pubmed: 7880718
Han P, Whelan PJ. Tumor necrosis factor alpha enhances glutamatergic transmission onto spinal motoneurons. J Neurotrauma. 2010;27(1):287–92. https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2009.1016 .
doi: 10.1089/neu.2009.1016
pubmed: 19811092
Leonoudakis D, Zhao P, Beattie EC. Rapid tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced exocytosis of glutamate receptor 2-lacking AMPA receptors to extrasynaptic plasma membrane potentiates excitotoxicity. J Neurosci. 2008;28(9):2119–30. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5159-07.2008 .
doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5159-07.2008
pubmed: 18305246
pmcid: 6671833
Domercq M, Brambilla L, Pilati E, Marchaland J, Volterra A, Bezzi P. P2Y1 receptor-evoked glutamate exocytosis from astrocytes: control by tumor necrosis factor-alpha and prostaglandins. J Biol Chem. 2006;281(41):30684–96. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M606429200 . Epub 2006 Aug 1.
doi: 10.1074/jbc.M606429200
pubmed: 16882655
Stellwagen D, Beattie EC, Seo JY, Malenka RC. Differential regulation of AMPA receptor and GABA receptor trafficking by tumor necrosis factor-alpha. J Neurosci. 2005;25(12):3219–28. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4486-04.2005 .
doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4486-04.2005
pubmed: 15788779
pmcid: 6725093
Yamamoto T, Rossi S, Stiefel M, Doppenberg E, Zauner A, Bullock R, Marmarou A. CSF and ECF glutamate concentrations in head injured patients. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 1999;75:17–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6415-0_4 .
doi: 10.1007/978-3-7091-6415-0_4
pubmed: 10635370
Mellergård P, Sjögren F, Hillman J. The cerebral extracellular release of glycerol, glutamate, and FGF2 is increased in older patients following severe traumatic brain injury. J Neurotrauma. 2012;29(1):112–8. https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2010.1732 . Epub 2011 Oct 11.
doi: 10.1089/neu.2010.1732
pubmed: 21988111
Chamoun R, Suki D, Gopinath SP, Goodman JC, Robertson C. Role of extracellular glutamate measured by cerebral microdialysis in severe traumatic brain injury. J Neurosurg. 2010;113(3):564–70. https://doi.org/10.3171/2009.12.JNS09689 .
doi: 10.3171/2009.12.JNS09689
pubmed: 20113156
pmcid: 3464461
Xu Y, Tao YX. Involvement of the NMDA receptor/nitric oxide signal pathway in platelet-activating factor-induced neurotoxicity. Neuroreport. 2004;15(2):263–6. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001756-200402090-00010 .
doi: 10.1097/00001756-200402090-00010
pubmed: 15076749
Li P, Tong C, Eisenach JC, Figueroa JP. NMDA causes release of nitric oxide from rat spinal cord in vitro. Brain Res. 1994;637(1–2):287–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(94)91246-7 .
doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(94)91246-7
pubmed: 7514082
Negri S, Faris P, Pellavio G, Botta L, Orgiu M, Forcaia G, Sancini G, Laforenza U, Moccia F. Group 1 metabotropic glutamate receptors trigger glutamate-induced intracellular Ca
doi: 10.1007/s00018-019-03284-1
pubmed: 31473770
Wang Q, Mergia E, Koesling D, Mittmann T. Nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine monophosphate signaling via guanylyl cyclase isoform 1 mediates early changes in synaptic transmission and brain edema formation after traumatic brain injury. J Neurotrauma. 2021;38(12):1689–701. https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2020.7364 . Epub 2021 Feb 16.
doi: 10.1089/neu.2020.7364
pubmed: 33427032
Petrov T, Page AB, Owen CR, Rafols JA. Expression of the inducible nitric oxide synthase in distinct cellular types after traumatic brain injury: an in situ hybridization and immunocytochemical study. Acta Neuropathol. 2000;100(2):196–204. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004019900167 .
doi: 10.1007/s004019900167
pubmed: 10963368
Tejero J, Shiva S, Gladwin MT. Sources of vascular nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species and their regulation. Physiol Rev. 2019;99(1):311–79. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00036.2017 .
doi: 10.1152/physrev.00036.2017
pubmed: 30379623
Hancock JT, Veal D. Nitric oxide, other reactive signalling compounds, redox, and reductive stress. J Exp Bot. 2021;72(3):819–29. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraa331 .
doi: 10.1093/jxb/eraa331
pubmed: 32687173
Kohli SK, Khanna K, Bhardwaj R, Corpas FJ, Ahmad P. Nitric oxide, salicylic acid and oxidative stress: Is it a perfect equilateral triangle? Plant Physiol Biochem. 2022;184:56–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.05.017 . Epub 2022 May.
doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.05.017
pubmed: 35636332
Besson VC. Drug targets for traumatic brain injury from poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase pathway modulation. Br J Pharmacol. 2009;157(5):695–704. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00229.x . Epub 2009 Apr 9.
doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00229.x
pubmed: 19371326
pmcid: 2721255
Kaundal RK, Shah KK, Sharma SS. Neuroprotective effects of NU1025, a PARP inhibitor in cerebral ischemia are mediated through reduction in NAD depletion and DNA fragmentation. Life Sci. 2006;79(24):2293–302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2006.07.034 . Epub 2006 Aug 2.
doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2006.07.034
pubmed: 16935310
Hernández AE, García E. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for Alzheimer’s disease. Stem Cells Int. 2021;2021:7834421. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/7834421 . eCollection 2021.
doi: 10.1155/2021/7834421
pubmed: 34512767
pmcid: 8426054
Guo M, Yin Z, Chen F, Lei P. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome: a promising alternative in the therapy of Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimers Res Ther. 2020;12(1):109. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-020-00670-x .
doi: 10.1186/s13195-020-00670-x
pubmed: 32928293
pmcid: 7488700
Kim J, Lee Y, Lee S, Kim K, Song M, Lee J. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy and Alzheimer’s disease: current status and future perspectives. J Alzheimers Dis. 2020;77(1):1–14. https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-200219 .
doi: 10.3233/JAD-200219
pubmed: 32741816
Duncan T, Valenzuela M. Alzheimer’s disease, dementia, and stem cell therapy. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2017;8(1):111. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-017-0567-5 .
doi: 10.1186/s13287-017-0567-5
pubmed: 28494803
pmcid: 5427593
Losurdo M, Pedrazzoli M, D’Agostino C, Elia CA, Massenzio F, Lonati E, Mauri M, Rizzi L, Molteni L, Bresciani E, Dander E, D’Amico G, Bulbarelli A, Torsello A, Matteoli M, Buffelli M, Coco S. Intranasal delivery of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles exerts immunomodulatory and neuroprotective effects in a 3xTg model of Alzheimer’s disease. Stem Cells Transl Med. 2020;9(9):1068–84. https://doi.org/10.1002/sctm.19-0327 . Epub 2020 Jun 4.
doi: 10.1002/sctm.19-0327
pubmed: 32496649
pmcid: 7445021
Reza-Zaldivar EE, Hernández-Sapiéns MA, Gutiérrez-Mercado YK, Sandoval-Ávila S, Gomez-Pinedo U, Márquez-Aguirre AL, Vázquez-Méndez E, Padilla-Camberos E, Canales-Aguirre AA. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes promote neurogenesis and cognitive function recovery in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease. Neural Regen Res. 2019;14(9):1626–34. https://doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.255978 .
doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.255978
pubmed: 31089063
pmcid: 6557105
Kang JM, Yeon BK, Cho SJ, Suh YH. Stem cell therapy for Alzheimer’s disease: a review of recent clinical trials. J Alzheimers Dis. 2016;54(3):879–89. https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-160406 .
doi: 10.3233/JAD-160406
pubmed: 27567851
Cone AS, Yuan X, Sun L, Duke LC, Vreones MP, Carrier AN, Kenyon SM, Carver SR, Benthem SD, Stimmell AC, Moseley SC, Hike D, Grant SC, Wilber AA, Olcese JM, Meckes DG Jr. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles ameliorate Alzheimer’s disease-like phenotypes in a preclinical mouse model. Theranostics. 2021;11(17):8129–42. https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.62069 . eCollection 2021.
doi: 10.7150/thno.62069
pubmed: 34373732
pmcid: 8344012
Zhang Y, Chopp M, Meng Y, Katakowski M, Xin H, Mahmood A, Xiong Y. Effect of exosomes derived from multipluripotent mesenchymal stromal cells on functional recovery and neurovascular plasticity in rats after traumatic brain injury. J Neurosurg. 2015;122(4):856–67. https://doi.org/10.3171/2014.11.JNS14770 . Epub 2015 Jan 16.
doi: 10.3171/2014.11.JNS14770
pubmed: 25594326
pmcid: 4382456
Cui GH, Guo HD, Li H, Zhai Y, Gong ZB, Wu J, Liu JS, Dong YR, Hou SX, Liu JR. RVG-modified exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells rescue memory deficits by regulating inflammatory responses in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease. Immun Ageing. 2019;16:10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12979-019-0150-2 . eCollection 2019.
doi: 10.1186/s12979-019-0150-2
pubmed: 31114624
pmcid: 6515654
Jeong H, Kim OJ, Oh SH, Lee S, Reum Lee HA, Lee KO, Lee BY, Kim NK. Extracellular vesicles released from neprilysin gene-modified human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell enhance therapeutic effects in an Alzheimer’s disease animal model. Stem Cells Int. 2021;2021:5548630. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5548630 . eCollection 2021.
doi: 10.1155/2021/5548630
pubmed: 34899919
pmcid: 8664527
Kim DH, Lim H, Lee D, Choi SJ, Oh W, Yang YS, Oh JS, Hwang HH, Jeon HB. Thrombospondin-1 secreted by human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells rescues neurons from synaptic dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease model. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):354. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-18542-0 .
doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-18542-0
pubmed: 29321508
pmcid: 5762817
Pu Y, Meng K, Gu C, Wang L, Zhang X. Thrombospondin-1 modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) promote neurite outgrowth and functional recovery in rats with spinal cord injury. Oncotarget. 2017;8(56):96276–89. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.22018 . eCollection 2017.
doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.22018
pubmed: 29221205
pmcid: 5707099
Belotti D, Capelli C, Resovi A, Introna M, Taraboletti G. Thrombospondin-1 promotes mesenchymal stromal cell functions via TGFβ and in cooperation with PDGF. Matrix Biol. 2016;55:106–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matbio.2016.03.003 . Epub 2016 Mar 16.
doi: 10.1016/j.matbio.2016.03.003
pubmed: 26992552
Matchynski-Franks JJ, Pappas C, Rossignol J, Reinke T, Fink K, Crane A, Twite A, Lowrance SA, Song C, Dunbar GL. Mesenchymal stem cells as treatment for behavioral deficits and neuropathology in the 5xFAD mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease. Cell Transplant. 2016;25(4):687–703. https://doi.org/10.3727/096368916X690818 . Epub 2016 Feb 2.
doi: 10.3727/096368916X690818
pubmed: 26850119
Hu J, Wang X. Alzheimer’s disease: from pathogenesis to mesenchymal stem cell therapy – bridging the missing link. Front Cell Neurosci. 2022;15:811852. https://doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2021.811852 . eCollection 2021.
doi: 10.3389/fncel.2021.811852
pubmed: 35197824
pmcid: 8859419
Abrigo J, Rivera JC, Aravena J, Cabrera D, Simon F, Ezquer F, Ezquer M, Cabello-Verrugio C. High fat diet-induced skeletal muscle wasting is decreased by mesenchymal stem cells administration: implications on oxidative stress, ubiquitin proteasome pathway activation, and myonuclear apoptosis. Oxidative Med Cell Longev. 2016;2016:9047821. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/9047821 . Epub 2016 Aug 8.
doi: 10.1155/2016/9047821
Zhang H, Li X, Liu J, Lin X, Pei L, Boyce BF, Xing L. Proteasome inhibition-enhanced fracture repair is associated with increased mesenchymal progenitor cells in mice. PLoS One. 2022;17(2):e0263839. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263839 . eCollection 2022.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263839
pubmed: 35213543
pmcid: 8880819
Fierro FA, Magner N, Beegle J, Dahlenburg H, Logan White J, Zhou P, Pepper K, Fury B, Coleal-Bergum DP, Bauer G, Gruenloh W, Annett G, Pifer C, Nolta JA. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells genetically engineered to produce vascular endothelial growth factor for revascularization in wound healing and ischemic conditions. Transfusion. 2019;59(S1):893–7. https://doi.org/10.1111/trf.14914 . Epub 2018 Nov 1.
doi: 10.1111/trf.14914
pubmed: 30383901
Yang J, Ma K, Zhang C, Liu Y, Liang F, Hu W, Bian X, Yang S, Fu X. Burns impair blood-brain barrier and mesenchymal stem cells can reverse the process in mice. Front Immunol. 2020;11:578879. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.578879 . eCollection 2020.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.578879
pubmed: 33240266
pmcid: 7677525
Das M, Mayilsamy K, Mohapatra SS, Mohapatra S. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for the treatment of traumatic brain injury: progress and prospects. Rev Neurosci. 2019;30(8):839–55. https://doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2019-0002 .
doi: 10.1515/revneuro-2019-0002
pubmed: 31203262
Dehghanian F, Soltani Z, Khaksari M. Can mesenchymal stem cells act multipotential in traumatic brain injury? J Mol Neurosci. 2020;70(5):677–88. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12031-019-01475-w . Epub 2020 Jan 2.
doi: 10.1007/s12031-019-01475-w
pubmed: 31897971
Hasan A, Deeb G, Rahal R, Atwi K, Mondello S, Marei HE, Gali A, Sleiman E. Mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of traumatic brain injury. Front Neurol. 201;8:28. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2017.00028 . eCollection 2017.
Dekmak A, Mantash S, Shaito A, Toutonji A, Ramadan N, Ghazale H, Kassem N, Darwish H, Zibara K. Stem cells and combination therapy for the treatment of traumatic brain injury. Behav Brain Res. 2018;340:49–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2016.12.039 . Epub 2016 Dec 30.
doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.12.039
pubmed: 28043902
Uccelli A, Moretta L, Pistoia V. Mesenchymal stem cells in health and disease. Nat Rev Immunol. 2008;8(9):726–36. https://doi.org/10.1038/nri2395 .
doi: 10.1038/nri2395
pubmed: 19172693
Riazifar M, Mohammadi MR, Pone EJ, Yeri A, Lässer C, Segaliny AI, McIntyre LL, Shelke GV, Hutchins E, Hamamoto A, Calle EN, Crescitelli R, Liao W, Pham V, Yin Y, Jayaraman J, Lakey JRT, Walsh CM, Van Keuren-Jensen K, Lotvall J, Zhao W. Stem cell-derived exosomes as nanotherapeutics for autoimmune and neurodegenerative disorders. ACS Nano. 2019;13(6):6670–88. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.9b01004 . Epub 2019 May 29.
doi: 10.1021/acsnano.9b01004
pubmed: 31117376
pmcid: 6880946
Shahror RA, Linares GR, Wang Y, Hsueh SC, Wu CC, Chuang DM, Chiang YH, Chen KY. Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing fibroblast growth factor 21 facilitates cognitive recovery and enhances neurogenesis in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury. J Neurotrauma. 2020;37(1):14–26. https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2019.6422 . Epub 2019 Aug 20.
doi: 10.1089/neu.2019.6422
pubmed: 31298621
Wang Z, Wang Y, Wang Z, Gutkind JS, Wang Z, Wang F, Lu J, Niu G, Teng G, Chen X. Engineered mesenchymal stem cells with enhanced tropism and paracrine secretion of cytokines and growth factors to treat traumatic brain injury. Stem Cells. 2015;33(2):456–67. https://doi.org/10.1002/stem.1878 .
doi: 10.1002/stem.1878
pubmed: 25346537
Junyi L, Na L, Yan J. Mesenchymal stem cells secrete brain-derived neurotrophic factor and promote retinal ganglion cell survival after traumatic optic neuropathy. J Craniofac Surg. 2015;26(2):548–52. https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000001348 .
doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000001348
pubmed: 25723663
Guo S, Zhen Y, Wang A. Transplantation of bone mesenchymal stem cells promotes angiogenesis and improves neurological function after traumatic brain injury in mouse. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2017;13:2757–65. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S141534 . eCollection 2017.
doi: 10.2147/NDT.S141534
pubmed: 29158675
pmcid: 5683767
Wu K, Huang D, Zhu C, Kasanga EA, Zhang Y, Yu E, Zhang H, Ni Z, Ye S, Zhang C, Hu J, Zhuge Q, Yang J. NT3
doi: 10.1186/s13287-019-1428-1
pubmed: 31651375
pmcid: 6814101
Tewari D, Sah AN, Bawari S, Nabavi SF, Dehpour AR, Shirooie S, Braidy N, Fiebich BL, Vacca RA, Nabavi SM. Role of nitric oxide in neurodegeneration: function, regulation, and inhibition. Curr Neuropharmacol. 2021;19(2):114–26. https://doi.org/10.2174/1570159X18666200429001549 .
doi: 10.2174/1570159X18666200429001549
pubmed: 32348225
pmcid: 8033982
Reichardt LF. Neurotrophin-regulated signalling pathways. Philos Trans R Soc Lond Ser B Biol Sci. 2006;361(1473):1545–64. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2006.1894 .
doi: 10.1098/rstb.2006.1894
Keefe KM, Sheikh IS, Smith GM. Targeting neurotrophins to specific populations of neurons: NGF, BDNF, and NT-3 and their relevance for treatment of spinal cord injury. Int J Mol Sci. 2017;18(3):548. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18030548 .
doi: 10.3390/ijms18030548
pubmed: 28273811
pmcid: 5372564
Chang HM, Wu HC, Sun ZG, Lian F, Leung PCK. Neurotrophins and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor in the ovary: physiological and pathophysiological implications. Hum Reprod Update. 2019;25(2):224–42. https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmy047 .
doi: 10.1093/humupd/dmy047
pubmed: 30608586
pmcid: 6390169
West AE, Pruunsild P, Timmusk T. Neurotrophins: transcription and translation. Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2014;220:67–100. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45106-5_4 .
doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-45106-5_4
pubmed: 24668470
Lewin GR, Barde YA. Physiology of the neurotrophins. Annu Rev Neurosci. 1996;19:289–317. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ne.19.030196.001445 .
doi: 10.1146/annurev.ne.19.030196.001445
pubmed: 8833445
Mitre M, Mariga A, Chao MV. Neurotrophin signalling: novel insights into mechanisms and pathophysiology. Clin Sci (Lond). 2017;131(1):13–23. https://doi.org/10.1042/CS20160044 .
doi: 10.1042/CS20160044
pubmed: 27908981
Lu B, Nagappan G, Lu Y. BDNF and synaptic plasticity, cognitive function, and dysfunction. Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2014;220:223–50. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45106-5_9 .
doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-45106-5_9
pubmed: 24668475
Contador J, Pérez-Millán A, Tort-Merino A, Balasa M, Falgàs N, Olives J, Castellví M, Borrego-Écija S, Bosch B, Fernández-Villullas G, Ramos-Campoy O, Antonell A, Bargalló N, Sanchez-Valle R, Sala-Llonch R, Lladó A, Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Longitudinal brain atrophy and CSF biomarkers in early-onset Alzheimer’s disease. Neuroimage Clin. 2021;32:102804. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102804 . Epub 2021 Aug 25.
doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102804
pubmed: 34474317
pmcid: 8405839
Zhang B, Lin L, Wu S. A review of brain atrophy subtypes definition and analysis for Alzheimer’s disease heterogeneity studies. J Alzheimers Dis. 2021;80(4):1339–52. https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-201274 .
doi: 10.3233/JAD-201274
pubmed: 33682711
Cedres N, Ekman U, Poulakis K, Shams S, Cavallin L, Muehlboeck S, Granberg T, Wahlund LO, Ferreira D, Westman E, Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Brain atrophy subtypes and the ATN classification scheme in Alzheimer’s disease. Neurodegener Dis. 2020;20(4):153–64. https://doi.org/10.1159/000515322 . Epub 2021 Mar 31.
doi: 10.1159/000515322
pubmed: 33789287
Torso M, Ahmed S, Butler C, Zamboni G, Jenkinson M, Chance S. Cortical diffusivity investigation in posterior cortical atrophy and typical Alzheimer’s disease. J Neurol. 2021;268(1):227–39. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-020-10109-w . Epub 2020 Aug 8.
doi: 10.1007/s00415-020-10109-w
pubmed: 32770413
Pereira JB, Janelidze S, Ossenkoppele R, Kvartsberg H, Brinkmalm A, Mattsson-Carlgren N, Stomrud E, Smith R, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Hansson O. Untangling the association of amyloid-β and tau with synaptic and axonal loss in Alzheimer’s disease. Brain. 2021;144(1):310–24. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awaa395 .
doi: 10.1093/brain/awaa395
pubmed: 33279949
Reiss AB, Arain HA, Stecker MM, Siegart NM, Kasselman LJ. Amyloid toxicity in Alzheimer’s disease. Rev Neurosci. 2018;29(6):613–27. https://doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2017-0063 .
doi: 10.1515/revneuro-2017-0063
pubmed: 29447116
Rajendran L, Paolicelli RC. Microglia-mediated synapse loss in Alzheimer’s disease. J Neurosci. 2018;38(12):2911–9. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1136-17.2017 .
doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1136-17.2017
pubmed: 29563239
pmcid: 6596066
Shim HS, Horner JW, Wu CJ, Li J, Lan ZD, Jiang S, Xu X, Hsu WH, Zal T, Flores II, Deng P, Lin YT, Tsai LH, Wang YA, DePinho RA. Telomerase reverse transcriptase preserves neuron survival and cognition in Alzheimer’s disease models. Nat Aging. 2021;1(12):1162–74. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43587-021-00146-z . Epub 2021 Dec 20.
doi: 10.1038/s43587-021-00146-z
pubmed: 35036927
pmcid: 8759755
Amidfar M, de Oliveira J, Kucharska E, Budni J, Kim YK. The role of CREB and BDNF in neurobiology and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Life Sci. 2020;15(257):118020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118020 . Epub 2020 Jun 27.
doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118020
Holsinger RM, Schnarr J, Henry P, Castelo VT, Fahnestock M. Quantitation of BDNF mRNA in human parietal cortex by competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction: decreased levels in Alzheimer’s disease. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2000;76(2):347–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0169-328x(00)00023-1 .
doi: 10.1016/s0169-328x(00)00023-1
pubmed: 10762711
Lim YY, Maruff P, Barthélemy NR, Goate A, Hassenstab J, Sato C, Fagan AM, Benzinger TLS, Xiong C, Cruchaga C, Levin J, Farlow MR, Graff-Radford NR, Laske C, Masters CL, Salloway S, Schofield PR, Morris JC, Bateman RJ, McDade E, Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network. Association of BDNF Val66Met with tau hyperphosphorylation and cognition in dominantly inherited Alzheimer disease. JAMA Neurol. 2022;79(3):261–70. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.5181 .
doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.5181
pubmed: 35099506
pmcid: 8804973
Cui S, Chen N, Yang M, Guo J, Zhou M, Zhu C, He L. Cerebrolysin for vascular dementia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019;2019(11):CD008900. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD008900.pub3 .
doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008900.pub3
pubmed: 31710397
pmcid: 6844361
Fiani B, Covarrubias C, Wong A, Doan T, Reardon T, Nikolaidis D, Sarno E. Cerebrolysin for stroke, neurodegeneration, and traumatic brain injury: review of the literature and outcomes. Neurol Sci. 2021;42(4):1345–53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-021-05089-2 . Epub 2021 Jan 30.
doi: 10.1007/s10072-021-05089-2
pubmed: 33515100
Plosker GL, Gauthier S. Cerebrolysin: a review of its use in dementia. Drugs Aging. 2009;26(11):893–915. https://doi.org/10.2165/11203320-000000000-00000 .
doi: 10.2165/11203320-000000000-00000
pubmed: 19848437
Sharma HS, Muresanu DF, Ozkizilcik A, Sahib S, Tian ZR, Lafuente JV, Castellani RJ, Nozari A, Feng L, Buzoianu AD, Menon PK, Patnaik R, Wiklund L, Sharma A. Superior antioxidant and anti-ischemic neuroprotective effects of cerebrolysin in heat stroke following intoxication of engineered metal Ag and Cu nanoparticles: a comparative biochemical and physiological study with other stroke therapies. Prog Brain Res. 2021;266:301–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2021.06.014 . Epub 2021 Oct 6.
doi: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2021.06.014
pubmed: 34689862
Sharma A, Muresanu DF, Ozkizilcik A, Tian ZR, Lafuente JV, Manzhulo I, Mössler H, Sharma HS. Sleep deprivation exacerbates concussive head injury induced brain pathology: neuroprotective effects of nanowired delivery of cerebrolysin with α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone. Prog Brain Res. 2019;245:1–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2019.03.002 . Epub 2019 Apr 2.
doi: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2019.03.002
pubmed: 30961865
Menon PK, Muresanu DF, Sharma A, Mössler H, Sharma HS. Cerebrolysin, a mixture of neurotrophic factors induces marked neuroprotection in spinal cord injury following intoxication of engineered nanoparticles from metals. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2012;11(1):40–9. https://doi.org/10.2174/187152712799960781 .
doi: 10.2174/187152712799960781
pubmed: 22229324
Sharma A, Muresanu DF, Mössler H, Sharma HS. Superior neuroprotective effects of cerebrolysin in nanoparticle-induced exacerbation of hyperthermia-induced brain pathology. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2012;11(1):7–25. https://doi.org/10.2174/187152712799960790 .
doi: 10.2174/187152712799960790
pubmed: 22229316
Menon PK, Sharma A, Lafuente JV, Muresanu DF, Aguilar ZP, Wang YA, Patnaik R, Mössler H, Sharma HS. Intravenous administration of functionalized magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles does not induce CNS injury in the rat: influence of spinal cord trauma and cerebrolysin treatment. Int Rev Neurobiol. 2017;137:47–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.irn.2017.08.005 . Epub 2017 Nov 3.
doi: 10.1016/bs.irn.2017.08.005
pubmed: 29132543
Sharma HS, Sharma A, Mössler H, Muresanu DF. Neuroprotective effects of cerebrolysin, a combination of different active fragments of neurotrophic factors and peptides on the whole body hyperthermia-induced neurotoxicity: modulatory roles of co-morbidity factors and nanoparticle intoxication. Int Rev Neurobiol. 2012;102:249–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-386986-9.00010-7 .
doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-386986-9.00010-7
pubmed: 22748833
Sharma HS, Muresanu DF, Sharma A. Alzheimer’s disease: cerebrolysin and nanotechnology as a therapeutic strategy. Neurodegener Dis Manag. 2016;6(6):453–6. https://doi.org/10.2217/nmt-2016-0037 . Epub 2016 Nov 9.
doi: 10.2217/nmt-2016-0037
pubmed: 27827552
Sharma HS, Zimmermann-Meinzingen S, Johanson CE. Cerebrolysin reduces blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier permeability change, brain pathology, and functional deficits following traumatic brain injury in the rat. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2010;1199:125–37. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05329.x .
doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05329.x
pubmed: 20633118
Sharma HS, Menon PK, Lafuente JV, Aguilar ZP, Wang YA, Muresanu DF, Mössler H, Patnaik R, Sharma A. The role of functionalized magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in the central nervous system injury and repair: new potentials for neuroprotection with Cerebrolysin therapy. J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2014;14(1):577–95. https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2014.9213 .
doi: 10.1166/jnn.2014.9213
pubmed: 24730284
Sharma A, Menon PK, Patnaik R, Muresanu DF, Lafuente JV, Tian ZR, Ozkizilcik A, Castellani RJ, Mössler H, Sharma HS. Novel treatment strategies using TiO
doi: 10.1016/bs.irn.2017.09.002
pubmed: 29132541
Sharma HS, Muresanu DF, Sahib S, Tian ZR, Lafuente JV, Buzoianu AD, Castellani RJ, Nozari A, Li C, Zhang Z, Wiklund L, Sharma A. Cerebrolysin restores balance between excitatory and inhibitory amino acids in brain following concussive head injury. Superior neuroprotective effects of TiO
doi: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2021.06.016
pubmed: 34689860
Sharma HS, Ali SF, Patnaik R, Zimmermann-Meinzingen S, Sharma A, Muresanu DF. Cerebrolysin attenuates heat shock protein (HSP 72 KD) expression in the rat spinal cord following morphine dependence and withdrawal: possible new therapy for pain management. Curr Neuropharmacol. 2011;9(1):223–35. https://doi.org/10.2174/157015911795017100 .
doi: 10.2174/157015911795017100
pubmed: 21886595
pmcid: 3137188
Sharma HS, Zimmermann-Meinzingen S, Sharma A, Johanson CE. Cerebrolysin attenuates blood-brain barrier and brain pathology following whole body hyperthermia in the rat. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2010;106:321–5. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-98811-4_60 .
doi: 10.1007/978-3-211-98811-4_60
pubmed: 19812972
Gavrilova SI, Alvarez A. Cerebrolysin in the therapy of mild cognitive impairment and dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease: 30 years of clinical use. Med Res Rev. 2021;41(5):2775–803. https://doi.org/10.1002/med.21722 . Epub 2020 Aug 17.
doi: 10.1002/med.21722
pubmed: 32808294
Antón Álvarez X, Fuentes P. Cerebrolysin in Alzheimer’s disease. Drugs Today (Barc). 2011 Jul;47(7):487–513. https://doi.org/10.1358/dot.2011.47.7.1656496 .
doi: 10.1358/dot.2011.47.7.1656496
pubmed: 22013558
Gauthier S, Proaño JV, Jia J, Froelich L, Vester JC, Doppler E. Cerebrolysin in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2015;39(5–6):332–47. https://doi.org/10.1159/000377672 . Epub 2015 Mar 26.
doi: 10.1159/000377672
pubmed: 25832905
Cade S, Zhou XF, Bobrovskaya L. The role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and the neurotrophin receptor p75NTR in age-related brain atrophy and the transition to Alzheimer’s disease. Rev Neurosci. 2022;33(5):515–29. https://doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2021-0111 . Print 2022 Jul 26.
doi: 10.1515/revneuro-2021-0111
pubmed: 34982865
Caffino L, Mottarlini F, Fumagalli F. Born to protect: leveraging BDNF against cognitive deficit in Alzheimer’s disease. CNS Drugs. 2020;34(3):281–97. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40263-020-00705-9 .
doi: 10.1007/s40263-020-00705-9
pubmed: 32052374
Peltz CB, Kenney K, Gill J, Diaz-Arrastia R, Gardner RC, Yaffe K. Blood biomarkers of traumatic brain injury and cognitive impairment in older veterans. Neurology. 2020;95(9):e1126–33. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000010087 . Epub 2020 Jun.
doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000010087
pubmed: 32571850
pmcid: 7538225
Mohsenian Sisakht A, Karamzade-Ziarati N, Jahanbakhshi A, Shahpasand K, Aghababaei S, Ahmadvand O, Azar M, Fattahi A, Zamanzadeh S. Pathogenic cis p-tau levels in CSF reflects severity of traumatic brain injury. Neurol Res. 2022;44(6):496–502. https://doi.org/10.1080/01616412.2021.2022921 . Epub 2022 Jan 3.
doi: 10.1080/01616412.2021.2022921
pubmed: 34979886
Bagnato S, Andriolo M, Boccagni C, Sant’Angelo A, D’Ippolito ME, Galardi G. Dissociation of cerebrospinal fluid amyloid-β and tau levels in patients with prolonged posttraumatic disorders of consciousness. Brain Inj. 2018;32(8):1056–60. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699052.2018.1479042 . Epub 2018 May 24.
doi: 10.1080/02699052.2018.1479042
pubmed: 29792528
Katsumoto A, Takeuchi H, Tanaka F. Tau pathology in chronic traumatic encephalopathy and Alzheimer’s disease: similarities and differences. Front Neurol. 2019;10:980. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2019.00980 . eCollection 2019.
doi: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00980
pubmed: 31551922
pmcid: 6748163
Rostowsky KA, Irimia A, Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Acute cognitive impairment after traumatic brain injury predicts the occurrence of brain atrophy patterns similar to those observed in Alzheimer’s disease. Geroscience. 2021;43(4):2015–39. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-021-00355-9 . Epub 2021 Apr 26.
doi: 10.1007/s11357-021-00355-9
pubmed: 33900530
pmcid: 8492819
Tajiri N, Kellogg SL, Shimizu T, Arendash GW, Borlongan CV. Traumatic brain injury precipitates cognitive impairment and extracellular Aβ aggregation in Alzheimer’s disease transgenic mice. PLoS One. 2013;8(11):e78851. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0078851 . eCollection 2013.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078851
pubmed: 24223856
pmcid: 3817089
Gustafsson D, Klang A, Thams S, Rostami E. The role of BDNF in experimental and clinical traumatic brain injury. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(7):3582. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22073582 .
doi: 10.3390/ijms22073582
pubmed: 33808272
pmcid: 8037220
Corrigan F, et al. Pumping the brakes: neurotrophic factors for the prevention of cognitive impairment and dementia after traumatic brain injury. J Neurotrauma. 2017; PMID: 27630018 Review.
Li R, Tao X, Huang M, Peng Y, Liang J, Wu Y, Jiang Y. Fibroblast growth factor 13 facilitates peripheral nerve regeneration through maintaining microtubule stability. Oxidative Med Cell Longev. 2021;2021:5481228. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5481228 . eCollection 2021.
doi: 10.1155/2021/5481228
Rocco ML, Soligo M, Manni L, Aloe L. Nerve growth factor: early studies and recent clinical trials. Curr Neuropharmacol. 2018;16(10):1455–65. https://doi.org/10.2174/1570159X16666180412092859 .
doi: 10.2174/1570159X16666180412092859
pubmed: 29651949
pmcid: 6295934
Lykissas MG, Batistatou AK, Charalabopoulos KA, Beris AE. The role of neurotrophins in axonal growth, guidance, and regeneration. Curr Neurovasc Res. 2007;4(2):143–51. https://doi.org/10.2174/156720207780637216 .
doi: 10.2174/156720207780637216
pubmed: 17504212
Wiese S, Metzger F, Holtmann B, Sendtner M. Mechanical and excitotoxic lesion of motoneurons: effects of neurotrophins and ciliary neurotrophic factor on survival and regeneration. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 1999;73:31–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6391-7_5 .
doi: 10.1007/978-3-7091-6391-7_5
pubmed: 10494338
Skaper SD. The neurotrophin family of neurotrophic factors: an overview. Methods Mol Biol. 2012;846:1–12. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-536-7_1 .
doi: 10.1007/978-1-61779-536-7_1
pubmed: 22367796
Ibáñez CF. Neurotrophin-4: the odd one out in the neurotrophin family. Neurochem Res. 1996;21(7):787–93. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02532301 .
doi: 10.1007/BF02532301
pubmed: 8873083
Ibáñez CF. Structure-function relationships in the neurotrophin family. J Neurobiol. 1994;25(11):1349–61. https://doi.org/10.1002/neu.480251104 .
doi: 10.1002/neu.480251104
pubmed: 7852990
Barker PA, Murphy RA. The nerve growth factor receptor: a multicomponent system that mediates the actions of the neurotrophin family of proteins. Mol Cell Biochem. 1992;110(1):1–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02385000 .
doi: 10.1007/BF02385000
pubmed: 1315923
Boone DR, Sell SL, Micci MA, Crookshanks JM, Parsley M, Uchida T, Prough DS, DeWitt DS, Hellmich HL. Traumatic brain injury-induced dysregulation of the circadian clock. PLoS One. 2012;7(10):e46204. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046204 . Epub 2012 Oct 3.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046204
pubmed: 23056261
pmcid: 3463592
Kaplan GB, Vasterling JJ, Vedak PC. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor in traumatic brain injury, post-traumatic stress disorder, and their comorbid conditions: role in pathogenesis and treatment. Behav Pharmacol. 2010;21(5–6):427–37. https://doi.org/10.1097/FBP.0b013e32833d8bc9 .
doi: 10.1097/FBP.0b013e32833d8bc9
pubmed: 20679891
Dhillon NK, Linaval NT, O’Rourke J, Barmparas G, Yang A, Cho N, Shelest O, Ley EJ. How repetitive traumatic injury alters long-term brain function. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2020;89(5):955–61. https://doi.org/10.1097/TA.0000000000002811 .
doi: 10.1097/TA.0000000000002811
pubmed: 32472900
Marshall J, Szmydynger-Chodobska J, Rioult-Pedotti MS, Lau K, Chin AT, Kotla SKR, Tiwari RK, Parang K, Threlkeld SW, Chodobski A. TrkB-enhancer facilitates functional recovery after traumatic brain injury. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):10995. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-11316-8 .
doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-11316-8
pubmed: 28887487
pmcid: 5591207
Wu Z, Chen C, Kang SS, Liu X, Gu X, Yu SP, Keene CD, Cheng L, Ye K. Neurotrophic signaling deficiency exacerbates environmental risks for Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2021;118(25):e2100986118. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2100986118 .
doi: 10.1073/pnas.2100986118
pubmed: 34140411
pmcid: 8237621
Masliah E, Díez-Tejedor E. The pharmacology of neurotrophic treatment with Cerebrolysin: brain protection and repair to counteract pathologies of acute and chronic neurological disorders. Drugs Today (Barc). 2012, 48(Suppl A):3–24. https://doi.org/10.1358/dot.2012.48(Suppl.A).1739716 .
Sharma A, Feng L, Muresanu DF, Huang H, Menon PK, Sahib S, Ryan Tian Z, Lafuente JV, Buzoianu AD, Castellani RJ, Nozari A, Wiklund L, Sharma HS. Topical application of CNTF, GDNF and BDNF in combination attenuates blood-spinal cord barrier permeability, edema formation, hemeoxygenase-2 upregulation, and cord pathology. Prog Brain Res. 2021;266:357–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2021.06.013 . Epub 2021 Jul 15.
doi: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2021.06.013
pubmed: 34689864
Sharma HS. Post-traumatic application of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glia-derived neurotrophic factor on the rat spinal cord enhances neuroprotection and improves motor function. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2006;96:329–34. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-211-30714-1_69 .
doi: 10.1007/3-211-30714-1_69
pubmed: 16671480
Sharma HS. Selected combination of neurotrophins potentiate neuroprotection and functional recovery following spinal cord injury in the rat. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2010;106:295–300. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-98811-4_55 .
doi: 10.1007/978-3-211-98811-4_55
pubmed: 19812967
Sharma HS. Neuroprotective effects of neurotrophins and melanocortins in spinal cord injury: an experimental study in the rat using pharmacological and morphological approaches. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2005;1053:407–21. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2005.tb00050.x .
doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2005.tb00050.x
pubmed: 16179548
Sharma HS. Neurotrophic factors attenuate microvascular permeability disturbances and axonal injury following trauma to the rat spinal cord. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2003;86:383–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0651-8_81 .
doi: 10.1007/978-3-7091-0651-8_81
pubmed: 14753473
Sharma HS, Nyberg F, Gordh T, Alm P, Westman J. Neurotrophic factors influence upregulation of constitutive isoform of heme oxygenase and cellular stress response in the spinal cord following trauma. An experimental study using immunohistochemistry in the rat. Amino Acids. 2000;19(1):351–61.
doi: 10.1007/s007260070066
pubmed: 11026506
Sharma HS, Westman J, Gordh T, Alm P. Topical application of brain derived neurotrophic factor influences upregulation of constitutive isoform of heme oxygenase in the spinal cord following trauma an experimental study using immunohistochemistry in the rat. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2000;76:365–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6346-7_76 .
doi: 10.1007/978-3-7091-6346-7_76
pubmed: 11450046
Sharma HS, Nyberg F, Gordh T, Alm P, Westman J. Topical application of insulin like growth factor-1 reduces edema and upregulation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase following trauma to the rat spinal cord. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 1997;70:130–3. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6837-0_40 .
doi: 10.1007/978-3-7091-6837-0_40
pubmed: 9416300
Winkler T, Sharma HS, Stålberg E, Badgaiyan RD. Neurotrophic factors attenuate alterations in spinal cord evoked potentials and edema formation following trauma to the rat spinal cord. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2000;76:291–6. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6346-7_60 .
doi: 10.1007/978-3-7091-6346-7_60
pubmed: 11450028
Sahib S, Sharma A, Menon PK, Muresanu DF, Castellani RJ, Nozari A, Lafuente JV, Bryukhovetskiy I, Tian ZR, Patnaik R, Buzoianu AD, Wiklund L, Sharma HS. Cerebrolysin enhances spinal cord conduction and reduces blood-spinal cord barrier breakdown, edema formation, immediate early gene expression and cord pathology after injury. Prog Brain Res. 2020;258:397–438. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.09.012 . Epub 2020 Nov 12.
doi: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.09.012
pubmed: 33223040
Ruozi B, Belletti D, Sharma HS, Sharma A, Muresanu DF, Mössler H, Forni F, Vandelli MA, Tosi G. PLGA nanoparticles loaded cerebrolysin: studies on their preparation and investigation of the effect of storage and serum stability with reference to traumatic brain injury. Mol Neurobiol. 2015;52(2):899–912. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-015-9235-x .
doi: 10.1007/s12035-015-9235-x
pubmed: 26108180
Poon W, Matula C, Vos PE, Muresanu DF, von Steinbüchel N, von Wild K, Hömberg V, Wang E, Lee TMC, Strilciuc S, Vester JC. Safety and efficacy of Cerebrolysin in acute brain injury and neurorecovery: CAPTAIN I-a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, Asian-Pacific trial. Neurol Sci. 2020;41(2):281–93. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-019-04053-5 . Epub 2019 Sep 7.
doi: 10.1007/s10072-019-04053-5
pubmed: 31494820
Muresanu DF, Florian S, Hömberg V, Matula C, von Steinbüchel N, Vos PE, von Wild K, Birle C, Muresanu I, Slavoaca D, Rosu OV, Strilciuc S, Vester J. Efficacy and safety of cerebrolysin in neurorecovery after moderate-severe traumatic brain injury: results from the CAPTAIN II trial. Neurol Sci. 2020;41(5):1171–81. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-019-04181-y . Epub 2020 Jan 2.
doi: 10.1007/s10072-019-04181-y
pubmed: 31897941
Poon W, Vos P, Muresanu D, Vester J, von Wild K, Hömberg V, Wang E, Lee TM, Matula C. Cerebrolysin Asian Pacific trial in acute brain injury and neurorecovery: design and methods. J Neurotrauma. 2015;32(8):571–80. https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2014.3558 . Epub 2015 Jan 28.
doi: 10.1089/neu.2014.3558
pubmed: 25222349
Birle C, Slavoaca D, Muresanu I, Chira D, Vacaras V, Stan AD, Dina C, Strilciuc S. The effect of cerebrolysin on the predictive value of baseline prognostic risk score in moderate and severe traumatic brain injury. J Med Life. 2020;13(3):283–8. https://doi.org/10.25122/jml-2020-0146 .
doi: 10.25122/jml-2020-0146
pubmed: 33072197
pmcid: 7550150
Lucena LLN, Briones MVA. Effect of Cerebrolysin in severe traumatic brain injury: a multi-center, retrospective cohort study. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2022;216:107216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clineuro.2022.107216 . Online ahead.
doi: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2022.107216
pubmed: 35344761
Patocková J, Krsiak M, Marhol P, Tůmová E. Cerebrolysin inhibits lipid peroxidation induced by insulin hypoglycemia in the brain and heart of mice. Physiol Res. 2003;52(4):455–60.
pubmed: 12899658
Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. National Research Council (US) Committee for the Update of the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. 8th ed. Washington, DC: National Academies Press (US); 2011. The National Academies Collection: Reports funded by National Institutes of Health. Bookshelf ID: NBK54050. https://doi.org/10.17226/12910 .; https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12910/guide-for-the-care-and-use-of-laboratory-animals-eighth .
Callahan LM, Vaules WA, Coleman PD. Quantitative decrease in synaptophysin message expression and increase in cathepsin D message expression in Alzheimer disease neurons containing neurofibrillary tangles. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1999;58(3):275–87. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005072-199903000-00007 .
doi: 10.1097/00005072-199903000-00007
pubmed: 10197819
Yuki D, Sugiura Y, Zaima N, Akatsu H, Takei S, Yao I, Maesako M, Kinoshita A, Yamamoto T, Kon R, Sugiyama K, Setou M. DHA-PC and PSD-95 decrease after loss of synaptophysin and before neuronal loss in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Sci Rep. 2014;4:7130. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep07130 .
doi: 10.1038/srep07130
pubmed: 25410733
pmcid: 5382699
Schlaf G, Salje C, Wetter A, Stuertz K, Felgenhauer K, Mäder M. Determination of synapsin I and synaptophysin in body fluids by two-site enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. J Immunol Methods. 1998;213(2):191–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-1759(98)00027-1 .
doi: 10.1016/s0022-1759(98)00027-1
pubmed: 9692851
Kwon KJ, Park JH, Jo I, Song KH, Han JS, Park SH, Han SH, Cho DH. Disruption of neuronal nitric oxide synthase dimerization contributes to the development of Alzheimer’s disease: Involvement of cyclin-dependent kinase 5-mediated phosphorylation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase at Ser(293). Neurochem Int. 2016;99:52–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuint.2016.06.005 . Epub 2016 Jun 11.
doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2016.06.005
pubmed: 27296112
Joca SR, Guimarães FS, Del-Bel E. Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase increases synaptophysin mRNA expression in the hippocampal formation of rats. Neurosci Lett. 2007;421(1):72–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2007.05.026 . Epub 2007 May 24.
doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2007.05.026
pubmed: 17548163
Zhang Y, Qiu B, Wang J, Yao Y, Wang C, Liu J. Effects of BDNF-transfected BMSCs on neural functional recovery and synaptophysin expression in rats with cerebral infarction. Mol Neurobiol. 2017;54(5):3813–24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-016-9946-7 . Epub 2016 Jun 10.
doi: 10.1007/s12035-016-9946-7
pubmed: 27282770
Wang BN, Wu CB, Chen ZM, Zheng PP, Liu YQ, Xiong J, Xu JY, Li PF, Mamun AA, Ye LB, Zheng ZL, Wu YQ, Xiao J, Wang J. DL-3-n-butylphthalide ameliorates diabetes-associated cognitive decline by enhancing PI3K/Akt signaling and suppressing oxidative stress. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2021;42(3):347–60. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41401-020-00583-3 . Epub 2021 Jan 18.
doi: 10.1038/s41401-020-00583-3
pubmed: 33462377
pmcid: 8027654
Doshmanziari M, Shirian S, Kouchakian MR, Moniri SF, Jangnoo S, Mohammadi N, Zafari F. Mesenchymal stem cells act as stimulators of neurogenesis and synaptic function in a rat model of Alzheimer’s disease. Heliyon. 2021;7(9):e07996. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07996 . eCollection 2021 Sep.
doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07996
pubmed: 34589625
pmcid: 8461353