Gender Differences in the Pathogenesis and Risk Factors of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
HCC
androgens
estrogens
gender
hepatocellular carcinoma
sex hormones
Journal
Biology
ISSN: 2079-7737
Titre abrégé: Biology (Basel)
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101587988
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
11 Jul 2023
11 Jul 2023
Historique:
received:
15
06
2023
revised:
29
06
2023
accepted:
03
07
2023
medline:
29
7
2023
pubmed:
29
7
2023
entrez:
29
7
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Several chronic liver diseases are characterized by a clear gender disparity. Among them, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) shows significantly higher incidence rates in men than in women. The different epidemiological distribution of risk factors for liver disease and HCC only partially accounts for these gender differences. In fact, the liver is an organ with recognized sexual dysmorphism and is extremely sensitive to the action of androgens and estrogens. Sex hormones act by modulating the risk of developing HCC and influencing its aggressiveness, response to treatments, and prognosis. Furthermore, androgens and estrogens are able to modulate the action of other factors and cofactors of liver damage (e.g., chronic HBV infection, obesity), significantly influencing their carcinogenic power. The purpose of this review is to examine the factors related to the different gender distribution in the incidence of HCC as well as the pathophysiological mechanisms involved, with particular reference to the central role played by sex hormones.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37508414
pii: biology12070984
doi: 10.3390/biology12070984
pmc: PMC10376683
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
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