Associations between Low-Carbohydrate Diets and Low-Fat Diets with Frailty in Community-Dwelling Aging Chinese Adults.

Frailty is a major health issue associated with aging. Diet affects frailty status; however, studies on the associations between the low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) score, low-fat diet (LFD) score and frailty in older Chinese adults are scarce. This study aimed to examine the associations between the LCD score, LFD score and risk of frailty in older Chinese adults. We analyzed data from 6414 participants aged ≥ 60 years from the China Northwest Natural Population Cohort: Ningxia Project. Frailty was measured using the frailty index (FI), calculated from 28 items comprising diseases, behavioral disorders and blood biochemistry and classified as robust, pre-frail and frail. LCD and LFD scores were calculated using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Multiple logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations between LCD, LFD scores and frail or pre-frail status after adjusting for confounders. Participants' mean age was 66.60 ± 4.15 years, and 47.8% were male. After adjusting for age, sex, educational level, drinking, smoking, BMI, physical activity and total energy, compared to the lowest quartile (Q1: reference), the odds ratios (ORs) for pre-frail and frail status in the highest quartile (Q4) of LCD score were 0.73 (95% confidence intervals: 0.61-0.88;