Nutritional Strategies to Prevent Muscle Loss and Sarcopenia in Chronic Kidney Disease: What Do We Currently Know?
chronic kidney disease
diet
malnutrition
muscle loss
protein intake
sarcopenia
Journal
Nutrients
ISSN: 2072-6643
Titre abrégé: Nutrients
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101521595
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
11 Jul 2023
11 Jul 2023
Historique:
received:
09
06
2023
revised:
07
07
2023
accepted:
10
07
2023
medline:
31
7
2023
pubmed:
29
7
2023
entrez:
29
7
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Loss of muscle mass is an extremely frequent complication in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The etiology of muscle loss in CKD is multifactorial and may depend on kidney disease itself, dialysis, the typical chronic low-grade inflammation present in patients with chronic kidney disease, but also metabolic acidosis, insulin resistance, vitamin D deficiency, hormonal imbalances, amino acid loss during dialysis, and reduced dietary intake. All these conditions together increase protein degradation, decrease protein synthesis, and lead to negative protein balance. Aging further exacerbates sarcopenia in CKD patients. Nutritional therapy, such as protein restriction, aims to manage uremic toxins and slow down the progression of CKD. Low-protein diets (LPDs) and very low-protein diets (VLPDs) supplemented with amino acids or ketoacids are commonly prescribed. Energy intake is crucial, with a higher intake associated with maintaining a neutral or positive nitrogen balance. Adequate nutritional and dietary support are fundamental in preventing nutritional inadequacies and, consequently, muscle wasting, which can occur in CKD patients. This review explores the causes of muscle loss in CKD and how it can be influenced by nutritional strategies aimed at improving muscle mass and muscle strength.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37513525
pii: nu15143107
doi: 10.3390/nu15143107
pmc: PMC10384728
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Amino Acids
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
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