Powassan virus encephalitis: a tertiary center experience.

Powassan virus Tick-borne diseases arbovirus

Journal

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
ISSN: 1537-6591
Titre abrégé: Clin Infect Dis
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9203213

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
04 Aug 2023
Historique:
received: 14 06 2023
revised: 25 07 2023
accepted: 01 08 2023
medline: 5 8 2023
pubmed: 5 8 2023
entrez: 4 8 2023
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

Powassan virus (POWV) is an emerging arthropod-borne flavivirus, transmitted by Ixodes spp ticks, which has been associated with neuroinvasive disease and poor outcomes. A retrospective study was conducted at Mayo Clinic from 2013 to 2022. We included clinical and epidemiological data of probable and confirmed neuroinvasive POWV cases. Sixteen patients with neuroinvasive POWV were identified with a median age of 63.2 years and 62.5% were male. Six patients presented with rhombencephalitis, four with isolated meningitis, three with meningoencephalitis, two with meningoencephalomyelitis, and one with opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome. A median time of 18 days was observed between symptom onset and diagnosis. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed lymphocytic pleocytosis with elevated protein and normal glucose in the majority of patients. Mortality within 90 days occurred in three cases (18.8%), and residual neurological deficits were seen in eight (72.7%) survivors. To our knowledge, this is the largest case series of patients with neuroinvasive POWV infection. We highlight the importance of a high clinical suspicion among patients that live in or travel to high-risk areas during the spring to fall months. Our data show high morbidity and mortality among patients with neuroinvasive disease.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Powassan virus (POWV) is an emerging arthropod-borne flavivirus, transmitted by Ixodes spp ticks, which has been associated with neuroinvasive disease and poor outcomes.
METHODS METHODS
A retrospective study was conducted at Mayo Clinic from 2013 to 2022. We included clinical and epidemiological data of probable and confirmed neuroinvasive POWV cases.
RESULTS RESULTS
Sixteen patients with neuroinvasive POWV were identified with a median age of 63.2 years and 62.5% were male. Six patients presented with rhombencephalitis, four with isolated meningitis, three with meningoencephalitis, two with meningoencephalomyelitis, and one with opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome. A median time of 18 days was observed between symptom onset and diagnosis. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed lymphocytic pleocytosis with elevated protein and normal glucose in the majority of patients. Mortality within 90 days occurred in three cases (18.8%), and residual neurological deficits were seen in eight (72.7%) survivors.
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
To our knowledge, this is the largest case series of patients with neuroinvasive POWV infection. We highlight the importance of a high clinical suspicion among patients that live in or travel to high-risk areas during the spring to fall months. Our data show high morbidity and mortality among patients with neuroinvasive disease.

Identifiants

pubmed: 37540989
pii: 7237411
doi: 10.1093/cid/ciad454
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Informations de copyright

© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Auteurs

Maria Alejandra Mendoza (MA)

Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases, and Occupational Medicine News, Mayo Clinic. Rochester, MN. USA.

Reece M Hass (RM)

Departement of Neurology, Mayo Clinic. Rochester, MN. USA.

James Vaillant (J)

Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases, and Occupational Medicine News, Mayo Clinic. Rochester, MN. USA.

Derek R Johnson (DR)

Departement of Radiology, Mayo Clinic. Rochester, MN. USA.

Elitza S Theel (ES)

Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. USA.

Michel Toledano (M)

Departement of Neurology, Mayo Clinic. Rochester, MN. USA.

Omar Abu Saleh (O)

Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases, and Occupational Medicine News, Mayo Clinic. Rochester, MN. USA.

Classifications MeSH