Under pressure-the influence of hypergravity on electrocortical activity and neurocognitive performance.
Behavioural and neuronal parameters
Brain activity
EEG
ERP
Hypergravity
Parabolic flight
Journal
Experimental brain research
ISSN: 1432-1106
Titre abrégé: Exp Brain Res
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 0043312
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Sep 2023
Sep 2023
Historique:
received:
16
04
2023
accepted:
25
07
2023
medline:
1
9
2023
pubmed:
5
8
2023
entrez:
4
8
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The effects of hypergravity and the associated increased pressure on the human body have not yet been studied in detail, but are of great importance for the safety of astronauts on space missions and could have a long-term impact on rehabilitation strategies for neurological patients. Considering the plans of international space agencies with the exploration of Mars and Moon, it is important to explore the effects of both extremes, weightlessness and hypergravity. During parabolic flights, a flight manoeuvre that artificially creates weightlessness and hypergravity, electrocortical activity as well as behavioural parameters (error rate and reaction time) and neuronal parameters (event-related potentials P300 and N200) were examined with an electroencephalogram. Thirteen participants solved a neurocognitive task (mental arithmetic task as a primary task and oddball paradigm as a secondary task) within normal as well as hypergravity condition in fifteen consecutive parabolas for 22 s each. No changes between the different gravity levels could be observed for the behavioural parameters and cortical current density. A significantly lower P300 amplitude was observed in 1 G, triggered by the primary task and the target sound of the oddball paradigm. The N200, provoked by the sounds of the oddball paradigm, revealed a higher amplitude in 1.8 G. A model established by Kohn et al. (2018) describing changes in neural communication with decreasing gravity can be used here as an explanatory approach. The fluid shift increases the intracranial pressure, decreases membrane viscosity and influences the open state probability of ion channels. This leads to an increase in the resting membrane potential, and the threshold for triggering an action potential can be reached more easily. The question now arises whether the observed changes are linear or whether they depend on a specific threshold.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37542004
doi: 10.1007/s00221-023-06677-8
pii: 10.1007/s00221-023-06677-8
pmc: PMC10471660
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
2249-2259Subventions
Organisme : Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt
ID : 50WB2020
Informations de copyright
© 2023. The Author(s).
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