Gender Differences in Drug Use among Individuals Under Arrest.
drug surveillance
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry
oral fluid
Journal
Journal of substance use
ISSN: 1465-9891
Titre abrégé: J Subst Use
Pays: England
ID NLM: 100891385
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2023
2023
Historique:
pmc-release:
01
01
2024
medline:
7
8
2023
pubmed:
7
8
2023
entrez:
7
8
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Drug monitoring by drug testing of individuals under arrest provides an opportunity to detect drug use patterns within geographic areas. However, women have been omitted from large-scale monitoring efforts in criminal justice populations. The purpose of this study was to examine whether gender differences exist in drug use indicated by oral fluid collected in one U.S. jail. The study analyzed data collected in 2019-2020 from individuals under arrest (N = 191). Twenty-four percent of the sample identified as female. Oral fluid specimens were collected and then analyzed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Logit regression models examined gender differences. Women were more likely to test positive for methamphetamines than men (41% versus 22%, OR = 0.42, 95% CI 0.21-0.84). Significant gender differences were not found for other substances (marijuana, cocaine, and opioids), legality of drugs, or overall drug use. Because the National Institute on Drug Abuse aims to promote health equity, future drug monitoring in criminal justice populations should employ sampling approaches representing both women and men. This research would identify possible gender-based patterns of drug use and inform gender-based policies and clinical practices to prevent and treat drug misuse.
Sections du résumé
Background
UNASSIGNED
Drug monitoring by drug testing of individuals under arrest provides an opportunity to detect drug use patterns within geographic areas. However, women have been omitted from large-scale monitoring efforts in criminal justice populations. The purpose of this study was to examine whether gender differences exist in drug use indicated by oral fluid collected in one U.S. jail.
Methods
UNASSIGNED
The study analyzed data collected in 2019-2020 from individuals under arrest (N = 191). Twenty-four percent of the sample identified as female. Oral fluid specimens were collected and then analyzed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Logit regression models examined gender differences.
Results
UNASSIGNED
Women were more likely to test positive for methamphetamines than men (41% versus 22%, OR = 0.42, 95% CI 0.21-0.84). Significant gender differences were not found for other substances (marijuana, cocaine, and opioids), legality of drugs, or overall drug use.
Conclusions
UNASSIGNED
Because the National Institute on Drug Abuse aims to promote health equity, future drug monitoring in criminal justice populations should employ sampling approaches representing both women and men. This research would identify possible gender-based patterns of drug use and inform gender-based policies and clinical practices to prevent and treat drug misuse.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37546379
doi: 10.1080/14659891.2022.2070872
pmc: PMC10398751
mid: NIHMS1857994
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
541-544Subventions
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : R01 DA045733
Pays : United States
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Declaration of interest statement: The authors have no conflict of interests to declare.
Références
Semin Perinatol. 2015 Nov;39(7):512-9
pubmed: 26452316
J Addict Med. 2017 Jan/Feb;11(1):19-27
pubmed: 27649265
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2021 Mar 4;47(2):247-254
pubmed: 33481634
Gend Med. 2008 Mar;5(1):24-35
pubmed: 18420163
Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2010 Jun;33(2):339-55
pubmed: 20385341
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2019 Aug;236(8):2413-2423
pubmed: 31165207
Neuropsychopharmacology. 2014 May;39(6):1527-37
pubmed: 24395021
Women Health. 2020 Aug;60(7):821-838
pubmed: 32233747
J Psychoactive Drugs. 1999 Oct-Dec;31(4):321-38
pubmed: 10681100
Psychiatr Rehabil J. 2015 Mar;38(1):7-15
pubmed: 25799302
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2019 Apr 1;197:158-163
pubmed: 30826625
Bioanalysis. 2016 Apr;8(7):691-710
pubmed: 26964619
J Addict Med. 2016 Nov/Dec;10(6):395-401
pubmed: 27504928
Ann Forensic Res Anal. 2017;4(2):
pubmed: 30288398
Gac Sanit. 2018 Jan - Feb;32(1):41-47
pubmed: 28318754
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2013 Sep 1;132(1-2):29-37
pubmed: 23357742
J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2014 Jan;75(1):179-88
pubmed: 24411810
Curr Addict Rep. 2021;8(1):89-99
pubmed: 33614395
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1999 Feb 1;53(3):223-30
pubmed: 10080048
J Subst Abuse. 2001;13(3):291-301
pubmed: 11693453