Binocular rivalry in autistic and socially anxious adults.
autism
binocular rivalry
social anxiety
social anxiousness
switch rates
Journal
Frontiers in psychiatry
ISSN: 1664-0640
Titre abrégé: Front Psychiatry
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101545006
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2023
2023
Historique:
received:
07
03
2023
accepted:
05
06
2023
medline:
7
8
2023
pubmed:
7
8
2023
entrez:
7
8
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Social anxiousness is a pervasive symptom in both social anxiety disorder and autism spectrum conditions. Binocular rivalry, which occurs when different images are presented to each eye, has been used to explore how visual and cognitive processing differs across various clinical diagnoses. Previous studies have separately explored whether individuals with autism or anxiety experience binocular rivalry in ways that are different from neurotypical individuals. We applied rivalry paradigms that are similar to those used in previous studies of autism and general anxiety to individuals experiencing symptoms of social anxiousness at clinical or subclinical levels. We also incorporated rivalrous stimuli featuring neutral and emotional facial valances to explore potential overlap of social processing components in social anxiety and autism. We hypothesized that higher levels of social anxiousness would increase binocular rivalry switch rates and that higher levels of autistic traits would decrease switch rates. However, stimulus condition did not affect switch rates in either diagnostic group, and switch rate was not significantly predictive of dimensional measures of either autism or social anxiety. This may suggest a common mechanism for atypical visual cognition styles previously associated with social anxiety and autism. Alternatively, differences in switch rates may only emerge at higher trait levels than reported by the participants in our studies. Furthermore, these findings may be influenced by sex differences in our unique sample.
Sections du résumé
Background
UNASSIGNED
Social anxiousness is a pervasive symptom in both social anxiety disorder and autism spectrum conditions. Binocular rivalry, which occurs when different images are presented to each eye, has been used to explore how visual and cognitive processing differs across various clinical diagnoses. Previous studies have separately explored whether individuals with autism or anxiety experience binocular rivalry in ways that are different from neurotypical individuals.
Methods
UNASSIGNED
We applied rivalry paradigms that are similar to those used in previous studies of autism and general anxiety to individuals experiencing symptoms of social anxiousness at clinical or subclinical levels. We also incorporated rivalrous stimuli featuring neutral and emotional facial valances to explore potential overlap of social processing components in social anxiety and autism.
Results
UNASSIGNED
We hypothesized that higher levels of social anxiousness would increase binocular rivalry switch rates and that higher levels of autistic traits would decrease switch rates. However, stimulus condition did not affect switch rates in either diagnostic group, and switch rate was not significantly predictive of dimensional measures of either autism or social anxiety.
Discussion
UNASSIGNED
This may suggest a common mechanism for atypical visual cognition styles previously associated with social anxiety and autism. Alternatively, differences in switch rates may only emerge at higher trait levels than reported by the participants in our studies. Furthermore, these findings may be influenced by sex differences in our unique sample.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37547197
doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1181797
pmc: PMC10400451
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
1181797Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2023 Kamhout, Olivier, Morris, Brimhall, Black, Gabrielsen, South, Lundwall and Nielsen.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
Références
Autism Adulthood. 2022 Sep 1;4(3):183-192
pubmed: 36606154
Res Autism Spectr Disord. 2011 Jan;5(1):164-174
pubmed: 24013401
J Autism Dev Disord. 2020 Oct;50(10):3606-3619
pubmed: 31820343
Autism. 2020 May;24(4):809-821
pubmed: 32429817
J Autism Dev Disord. 2016 Jun;46(6):1962-1973
pubmed: 26864157
Psychol Bull. 2007 Jan;133(1):1-24
pubmed: 17201568
J Autism Dev Disord. 2001 Feb;31(1):5-17
pubmed: 11439754
Behav Ther. 2021 May;52(3):720-733
pubmed: 33990245
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2020 Dec;61(12):1317-1327
pubmed: 32115711
Psychiatr Serv. 2014 Jul;65(7):924-30
pubmed: 24733524
Psychiatr Serv. 2009 Jan;60(1):61-6
pubmed: 19114572
J Autism Dev Disord. 2023 Jul;53(7):2878-2890
pubmed: 35451672
Vision Res. 2013 Jan 25;77:59-66
pubmed: 23200868
PLoS One. 2011 May 04;6(5):e18978
pubmed: 21573220
J Clin Psychol. 2014 Jun;70(6):546-61
pubmed: 24122480
Cognition. 2009 Oct;113(1):105-10
pubmed: 19656504
Am J Psychiatry. 1994 Mar;151(3):408-12
pubmed: 8109650
Psychol Med. 1999 Jan;29(1):199-212
pubmed: 10077308
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2020 Sep;61(9):1019-1029
pubmed: 32003011
Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev. 2014 Mar;17(1):67-84
pubmed: 23836119
Front Psychiatry. 2016 Jan 27;7:5
pubmed: 26858658
Front Neurosci. 2018 May 17;12:338
pubmed: 29867339
J Autism Dev Disord. 2011 Aug;41(8):1076-89
pubmed: 21086033
J Anxiety Disord. 2007;21(7):944-54
pubmed: 17241764
Transl Psychiatry. 2020 Jan 15;10(1):4
pubmed: 32066658
Curr Biol. 2019 Sep 9;29(17):2948-2953.e3
pubmed: 31422885
J Anxiety Disord. 2013 Oct;27(7):619-26
pubmed: 24064330
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2005 Jun;62(6):617-27
pubmed: 15939839
J Autism Dev Disord. 2008 Sep;38(8):1555-66
pubmed: 18302013
Mol Autism. 2015 Jun 13;6:36
pubmed: 26075049
Psychiatry Res. 2006 Nov 22;148(1):55-9
pubmed: 17030117
Autism Res. 2017 Jun;10(6):1096-1106
pubmed: 28301094
Front Hum Neurosci. 2011 Sep 27;5:105
pubmed: 22046156
J Vis Exp. 2010 Nov 10;(45):
pubmed: 21113111
Autism. 2020 Feb;24(2):364-373
pubmed: 31339349
Emotion. 2012 Oct;12(5):960-9
pubmed: 22390706
Biol Psychiatry. 2010 Apr 1;67(7):672-8
pubmed: 19880095
Psychol Assess. 2008 Sep;20(3):281-91
pubmed: 18778164
Anxiety Stress Coping. 2009 May;22(3):283-96
pubmed: 19253172
Front Pediatr. 2020 Jun 05;8:290
pubmed: 32582594
J Comput Neurosci. 2002 Jan-Feb;12(1):39-53
pubmed: 11932559
Biol Psychiatry. 2002 Jan 1;51(1):81-91
pubmed: 11801233
Front Comput Neurosci. 2023 Mar 24;17:1137015
pubmed: 37034441
Trends Cogn Sci. 2006 Nov;10(11):502-11
pubmed: 16997612
Neuropsychologia. 2019 Mar 18;126:138-146
pubmed: 28633887
J Cogn Neurosci. 2013 Jun;25(6):969-85
pubmed: 23281780
Psychiatry Res. 2018 Nov;269:740-745
pubmed: 30273899
Behav Brain Res. 2020 Aug 5;391:112704
pubmed: 32461128
Soc Neurosci. 2019 Apr;14(2):191-194
pubmed: 29451074
J Autism Dev Disord. 2006 Jan;36(1):5-25
pubmed: 16450045
Neuroimage. 2011 Jan 15;54(2):1615-24
pubmed: 20832490
Neuron. 1998 Oct;21(4):753-9
pubmed: 9808462
Emotion. 2007 Aug;7(3):495-506
pubmed: 17683206
Sci Rep. 2022 Mar 14;12(1):4376
pubmed: 35288609
J Affect Disord. 2011 Apr;130(1-2):209-12
pubmed: 20934220
Physiol Behav. 2007 May 16;91(1):161-5
pubmed: 17433385
J Autism Dev Disord. 2015 Dec;45(12):3949-60
pubmed: 26243138
J Neurosci. 2013 Oct 23;33(43):16983-91
pubmed: 24155303
J Vis. 2011 Feb 08;11(2):
pubmed: 21304170
Psychol Med. 2020 Jul;50(9):1463-1474
pubmed: 31238998
Curr Biol. 2016 Jan 11;26(1):80-5
pubmed: 26711497
Behav Res Ther. 2002 Dec;40(12):1403-14
pubmed: 12457635
Cogn Behav Ther. 2007;36(4):193-209
pubmed: 18049945
Psychol Med. 2001 Aug;31(6):1025-35
pubmed: 11513370
Mod Probl Pharmacopsychiatry. 1987;22:141-73
pubmed: 2885745
BMC Psychol. 2022 Jun 13;10(1):148
pubmed: 35698105
PLoS One. 2011;6(6):e20835
pubmed: 21695147
Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci. 2014 Jan;9(1):106-17
pubmed: 23596190
Sci Transl Med. 2022 Jan 05;14(626):eabg7859
pubmed: 34985973
Autism Res Treat. 2013;2013:984205
pubmed: 23762552
J Anxiety Disord. 2019 Jun;65:1-10
pubmed: 31054457
Genes Brain Behav. 2003 Oct;2(5):255-67
pubmed: 14606691