Cervicovaginal Microbial-Immune State and Group B Streptococcus Colonization in Pregnancy.

 Maternal colonization with Group B  This was a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study of pregnant individuals with singleton pregnancies who had CV microbiota specimens analyzed at 16 to 20, 20 to 24, and 24 to 28 weeks' gestation, along with a third trimester GBS rectovaginal (RV) culture (  Of 492 individuals, 34.3% were GBS RV + . Compared with individuals with CST I at 16 to 20 weeks, individuals with CST IV-A and CST II had a significantly elevated relative risk of subsequent GBS RV+ status. When stratified by high and low β-defensin-2 levels, β-defensin-2 was found to be an effect modifier of the association between CST IV-A and GBS RV+ status. In individuals with low β-defensin-2 levels, CST VI-A was associated with GBS RV+ status, but among individuals with high β-defensin-2 levels, there was no such association (interaction  Pregnant individuals with CV microbiota characterized by CST IV-A and CST II had significantly elevated risk of GBS RV colonization in the third trimester compared with those with CST I, and β-defensin-2 was an effect modifier of the association between CST IV-A and GBS RV+ status. Future research should investigate if manipulation of the CV microbiota can prevent GBS colonization, thereby reducing intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis and the risks of neonatal GBS infection. · The relationship between the CV microbiota and GBS RV colonization is unknown.. · A Lactobacillus-deficient, anaerobic rich vaginal community, CST IV-A, is associated with increased risk of GBS RV colonization.. · β-defensin-2 is an effect modifier of the association between CST IV-A and GBS RV+ status..

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None declared.