Chemical profiling and investigation of molecular mechanisms underlying anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activity of extracts from Polygonum perfoliatum L.

Polygonum perfoliatum L. is an herbal medicine that has been extensively used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat various health conditions ranging from ancient internal to surgical and gynecological diseases. Numerous studies suggest that P. perfoliatum extract elicits significant anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, and anti-viral effects. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms of its anti-liver cancer effects remain poorly understood. Our study suggests that P. perfoliatum stem extract (PPLA) has a favorable safety profile and exhibits a significant anti-liver cancer effect both in vitro and in vivo. We identified that PPLA activates the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, and key regulatory genes including ADRA1B, PLCB2, PRKG2, CALML4, and GLO1 involved in this activation. Moreover, PPLA modulates the expression of genes responsible for the cell cycle. Additionally, we identified four constituents of PPLA, namely taxifolin, myricetin, eriodictyol, and pinocembrin, that plausibly act via the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed that PPLA, along with its constituting compounds taxifolin, myricetin, and eriodictyol, exhibit potent anti-cancer activities and hold the promise of being developed into therapeutic agents.

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Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Declaration of Competing Interest Xiaolong Tang, Lin Liu, Yan Li, Siyu Hao, Yueshui Zhao, Xu Wu, Mingxing Li, Yu Chen, Shuai Deng, Shuang Gou, Dan Cai, Meijuan Chen, Xiaobing Li, Yuhong Sun, Li Gu, Wanping Li, Fang Wang, Zhuo Zhang, Lei Yao, Jing Shen, Zhangang Xiao, and Fukuan Du declare no conflict of interest. All institutional and national guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals were followed.