Heightened threat perceptions and reduced stability in anxiety and fear among U.S. adults who carry handguns.
Anxiety
Firearms
Negative affect
Threat perceptions
Journal
Journal of anxiety disorders
ISSN: 1873-7897
Titre abrégé: J Anxiety Disord
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 8710131
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
10 2023
10 2023
Historique:
received:
05
04
2023
revised:
31
07
2023
accepted:
11
08
2023
pmc-release:
01
10
2024
medline:
5
10
2023
pubmed:
20
8
2023
entrez:
19
8
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Firearm carrying is often motivated to provide safety and is correlated with increased anxiety related to elevated perceptions of the world as a dangerous place. No studies have investigated affective states among firearm owners as they occur in their natural environments. This study used ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to examine cognitive-affective states among firearm owners who carry handguns outside their home (n = 35), firearm owners who do not carry (n = 47), and non-firearm owners (n = 62). Participants completed a self-report questionnaire at baseline followed by EMA surveys of mood state with the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) 6 times per day for 28 consecutive days. Carry handgun owners reported significantly higher threat perceptions, measured with the negative cognitions about the world subscale of the shortened Posttraumatic Cognitions Inventory (PTCI), than no-carry handgun owners (M
Identifiants
pubmed: 37597342
pii: S0887-6185(23)00102-0
doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102764
pmc: PMC10543589
mid: NIHMS1927899
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
102764Subventions
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R61 MH125759
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Declaration of Competing Interest Dr. C.J. Bryan reported grants from the Department of Defense, the National Institute of Mental Health, the New Jersey Gun Violence Research Center, the Bob Woodruff Foundation, the USAA Foundation, the Boeing Company, and the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention during the conduct of the study; personal fees from Oui Therapeutics outside the submitted work; and ownership of Anduril, LLC, outside the submitted work. Dr. S.M. Gorka reported grants from the National Institute of Mental Health and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism during the conduct of this study. Dr. Tabares reported grants from the New Jersey Gun Violence Research Center and the National Institute of Mental Health during the conduct of the study. Dr. Butner reported grant funding from the National Institute of Mental Health during the conduct of the study. Dr. Coccaro reported grant funding from the National Institute of Mental Health during the conduct of the study.
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