Echocardiography Assessment of Left Ventricular Function in Extremely Preterm Infants, Born at Less Than 28 Weeks' Gestation, With Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia and Systemic Hypertension.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia Left ventricular function Prematurity Pulmonary vascular disease Systemic hypertension

Journal

Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography
ISSN: 1097-6795
Titre abrégé: J Am Soc Echocardiogr
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8801388

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
22 Aug 2023
Historique:
received: 02 06 2023
revised: 07 08 2023
accepted: 08 08 2023
pubmed: 25 8 2023
medline: 25 8 2023
entrez: 24 8 2023
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

The survival of smaller and more immature premature infants has been associated with lifelong cardiorespiratory comorbidities. Infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) undergo routine screening echocardiography to evaluate for development of chronic pulmonary hypertension, a late manifestation of pulmonary vascular disease. Our aim was to evaluate left ventricular (LV) performance in infants with BPD and pulmonary vascular disease who developed systemic hypertension. We hypothesized that infants with hypertension were more likely to have impaired LV performance. We present a single-center cross-sectional study of premature infants born at less than 28 0/7 weeks' gestational age with a clinical diagnosis of BPD. Infants were categorized by the systolic arterial pressure (SAP) at time of echocardiography as hypertensive (SAP ≥90 mm Hg) or normotensive (SAP <90 mm Hg). Sixty-four patients were included. Infants with hypertension showed altered LV diastolic function with prolonged tissue Doppler imaging-derived isovolumic relaxation time (54.2 ± 5.1 vs 42.9 ± 8.2, P < .001), lower E:A, and higher E:e'. Indices of left heart volume/pressure loading (left atrium:aorta and LV end-diastolic volume [6.1 ± 2 vs 4.2 ± 1.2, P < .001]) were also higher in the hypertensive group. Finally, infants in the hypertensive group had higher pulmonary vascular resistance index (4.42 ± 1.1 vs 3.69 ± 0.8, P = .004). We conclude that extremely preterm infants with BPD who develop systemic hypertension are at risk of abnormal LV diastolic dysfunction. Increased pulmonary vascular resistance index in the hypertensive group may relate to pulmonary venous hypertension secondary to LV dysfunction. This is an important consideration in this cohort when selecting the physiologically most appropriate treatment.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
The survival of smaller and more immature premature infants has been associated with lifelong cardiorespiratory comorbidities. Infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) undergo routine screening echocardiography to evaluate for development of chronic pulmonary hypertension, a late manifestation of pulmonary vascular disease.
METHODS METHODS
Our aim was to evaluate left ventricular (LV) performance in infants with BPD and pulmonary vascular disease who developed systemic hypertension. We hypothesized that infants with hypertension were more likely to have impaired LV performance. We present a single-center cross-sectional study of premature infants born at less than 28 0/7 weeks' gestational age with a clinical diagnosis of BPD. Infants were categorized by the systolic arterial pressure (SAP) at time of echocardiography as hypertensive (SAP ≥90 mm Hg) or normotensive (SAP <90 mm Hg). Sixty-four patients were included.
RESULTS RESULTS
Infants with hypertension showed altered LV diastolic function with prolonged tissue Doppler imaging-derived isovolumic relaxation time (54.2 ± 5.1 vs 42.9 ± 8.2, P < .001), lower E:A, and higher E:e'. Indices of left heart volume/pressure loading (left atrium:aorta and LV end-diastolic volume [6.1 ± 2 vs 4.2 ± 1.2, P < .001]) were also higher in the hypertensive group. Finally, infants in the hypertensive group had higher pulmonary vascular resistance index (4.42 ± 1.1 vs 3.69 ± 0.8, P = .004).
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
We conclude that extremely preterm infants with BPD who develop systemic hypertension are at risk of abnormal LV diastolic dysfunction. Increased pulmonary vascular resistance index in the hypertensive group may relate to pulmonary venous hypertension secondary to LV dysfunction. This is an important consideration in this cohort when selecting the physiologically most appropriate treatment.

Identifiants

pubmed: 37619910
pii: S0894-7317(23)00432-7
doi: 10.1016/j.echo.2023.08.013
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2023 American Society of Echocardiography. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Auteurs

Melanie E Reyes-Hernandez (ME)

Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.

Adrianne R Bischoff (AR)

Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.

Regan E Giesinger (RE)

Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.

Danielle R Rios (DR)

Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.

Amy H Stanford (AH)

Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.

Patrick J McNamara (PJ)

Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa. Electronic address: patrick-mcnamara@uiowa.edu.

Classifications MeSH