Perianal Malignancies: A Review for the Dermatologic Surgeon.
Journal
Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.]
ISSN: 1524-4725
Titre abrégé: Dermatol Surg
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9504371
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 Oct 2023
01 Oct 2023
Historique:
pubmed:
29
8
2023
medline:
29
8
2023
entrez:
29
8
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Perianal malignancies are rare tumors with unique presentations and treatment options. To review published literature about primary malignancies that present on perianal skin and published guidelines and treatment options. A PubMed search was conducted for original articles about perianal malignancies. Squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, melanoma, and extramammary Paget disease are the most common tumors to present on perianal skin. Anal squamous cell carcinoma incidence is increasing and certain populations may benefit from screening. Surgical management is often recommended for localized perianal tumors. Dermatologic surgeons should be familiar with the presentation and treatment options available for perianal malignancies.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Perianal malignancies are rare tumors with unique presentations and treatment options.
OBJECTIVE
OBJECTIVE
To review published literature about primary malignancies that present on perianal skin and published guidelines and treatment options.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
METHODS
A PubMed search was conducted for original articles about perianal malignancies.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, melanoma, and extramammary Paget disease are the most common tumors to present on perianal skin. Anal squamous cell carcinoma incidence is increasing and certain populations may benefit from screening. Surgical management is often recommended for localized perianal tumors.
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONS
Dermatologic surgeons should be familiar with the presentation and treatment options available for perianal malignancies.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37643240
doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000003906
pii: 00042728-990000000-00484
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
914-920Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2023 by the American Society for Dermatologic Surgery, Inc. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Références
Shwe S, Elsensohn AN, Ortiz C, Kraus CN. Mohs micrographic surgery for vulvar malignancies: a systematic review. J Am Acad Dermatol 2022;87:159–62.
Mori WS, Demer AM, Mattox AR, Maher IA. Mohs micrographic surgery at challenging anatomical sites. Dermatol Surg 2019;45:S142–S154.
Lukowiak TM, Perz AM, Aizman L, Kovell RC, et al. Mohs micrographic surgery for male genital tumors: local recurrence rates and patient-reported outcomes. J Am Acad Dermatol 2021;84:1030–6.
Amin M. AJCC Cancer Staging Manual (8th ed.). American College of Surgeons; 2017. Available from: https://www.r2library.com/Resource/Title/3319406175 .
Read T, Huson K, Millar J, Haydon A, et al. Size of anal squamous cell carcinomas at diagnosis: a retrospective case series. Int J STD AIDS 2013;24:879–82.
Palefsky JM, Lee JY, Jay N, Goldstone SE, et al. Treatment of anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions to prevent anal cancer. N Engl J Med 2022;386:2273–82.
Deshmukh AA, Suk R, Shiels MS, Sonawane K, et al. Recent trends in squamous cell carcinoma of the anus incidence and mortality in the United States, 2001–2015. J Natl Cancer Inst 2020;112:829–38.
Nelson VM, Benson AB. Epidemiology of anal canal cancer. Surg Oncol Clin North Am 2017;26:9–15.
Alemany L, Saunier M, Alvarado-Cabrero I, Quirós B, et al. Human papillomavirus DNA prevalence and type distribution in anal carcinomas worldwide. Int J Cancer 2015;136:98–107.
Sadowsky LM, Schlosser BJ. Anogenital lichen sclerosus leading to perianal invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Women’s Dermatol 2019;5:198.
Kohorst JJ, Shah KK, Hallemeier CL, Baum CL, et al. Squamous cell carcinoma in perineal, perianal, and gluteal hidradenitis suppurativa: experience in 12 patients. Dermatol Surg 2019;4: 519.
Kang J, Min BS, Lee KY, Jang SJ, et al. Squamous cell carcinoma of the anus in a patient with perianal Crohn's disease. Int J colorectal Dis 2010;25:411–3.
Casado-Verrier B, Feltes-Ochoa R, Gómez-Fernández C, Feito-Rodríguez M, et al. Mohs micrographic surgery for verrucous carcinoma of the anogenital area: report of two cases. Int J Dermatol 2012;51:722–5.
Ates M, Akbulut S, Tuncer A, Sahin E, et al. Squamous cell carcinoma arising from perianal buschke-lowenstein tumor (giant condyloma acuminatum): comprehensive literature review. J Gastrointest Cancer 2021;53:1083–92.
Benson AB, Venook AP, Al-Hawary MM, Cederquist L, et al. Anal carcinoma, version 2.2018, NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology. J Natl Compr Cancer Netw 2018;16:852–71.
Sekhar H, Zwahlen M, Trelle S, Malcomson L, et al. Nodal stage migration and prognosis in anal cancer: a systematic review, meta-regression, and simulation study. Lancet Oncol 2017;18:1348–59.
Steele SR, Varma MG, Melton GB, Ross HM, et al. Practice parameters for anal squamous neoplasms. Dis Colon Rectum 2012;55:735–49.
Maccabe TA, Parwaiz I, Longman RJ, Thomas MG, et al. Outcomes following local excision of early anal squamous cell carcinomas of the anal canal and perianal margin. Colorectal Dis 2021;23:689–97.
Pehoushek J, Smith KJ. Imiquimod and 5% fluorouracil therapy for anal and perianal SquamousCell carcinoma in situ in an HIV-1–Positive man. Arch Dermatol 2001;137:14–6.
Ryan M, Alabdulrazzaq H, Toyohara J. Perianal basal cell carcinoma treated with Mohs micrographic surgery. Cutis. 2018;101:366–2.
Schofield AM, Sadler L, Nelson L, Gittins M, et al. A prospective study of anal cancer screening in HIV-positive and negative MSM. AIDS 2016;30:1375–83.
Palefsky JM, Giuliano AR, Goldstone S, Moreira ED, et al. HPV vaccine against anal HPV infection and anal intraepithelial neoplasia. N Engl J Med 2011;365:1576–85.
Centers for Disease Control. HPV Vaccination Recommendations; 2021. Published online. https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd/hpv/hcp/recommendations.html . Accessed December 3, 2022.
Cameron MC, Lee E, Hibler BP, Barker CA, et al. Basal cell carcinoma: epidemiology; pathophysiology; clinical and histological subtypes; and disease associations. J Am Acad Dermatol 2019;80:303–17.
Bulur I, Boyuk E, Saracoglu ZN, Arik D. Perianal basal cell carcinoma. Case Rep Dermatol 2015;7:25–8.
Damin DC, Rosito MA, Gus P, Tarta C, et al. Perianal basal cell carcinoma. J Cutan Med Surg 2002;6:26–8.
Hagen ER, Hite N, Griffin J, Kratz R. Perianal basal cell carcinoma: a common cancer in an uncommon location. J Surg Case Rep 2020;2020:rjaa151.
Paterson CA, Young-Fadok TM, Dozois RR. Basal cell carcinoma of the perianal region. Dis Colon Rectum 1999;42:1200–2.
Gibson GE, Ahmed I. Perianal and genital basal cell carcinoma: a clinicopathologic review of 51 cases. J Am Acad Dermatol 2001;45:68–71.
Wang SQ, Goldberg LH. Multiple polypoid basal cell carcinomas on the perineum of a patient with basal cell nevus syndrome. J Am Acad Dermatol 2007;57:S36–S37.
Patil DT, Goldblum JR, Billings SD. Clinicopathological analysis of basal cell carcinoma of the anal region and its distinction from basaloid squamous cell carcinoma. Mod Pathol 2013;26:1382–9.
Cameron MC, Lee E, Hibler BP, Giordano CN, et al. Basal cell carcinoma: contemporary approaches to diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. J Am Acad Dermatol 2019;80:321–39.
Connolly SM, Baker DR, Coldiron BM, Fazio MJ, et al. AAD/ACMS/ASDSA/ASMS 2012 appropriate use criteria for Mohs micrographic surgery: a report of the American Academy of Dermatology, American College of Mohs Surgery, American Society for Dermatologic Surgery Association, and the American Society for Mohs Surgery. J Am Acad Dermatol 2012;67:531–50.
Cagir B, Whiteford MH, Topham A, Rakinic J, et al. Changing epidemiology of anorectal melanoma. Dis Colon Rectum 1999;42:1203–8.
Nassar KW, Tan AC. The mutational landscape of mucosal melanoma. Semin Cancer Biol 2020;61:139–48.
Yang HM, Hsiao SJ, Schaeffer DF, Lai C, et al. Identification of recurrent mutational events in anorectal melanoma. Mod Pathol 2017;30:286–96.
Kolosov A, Leskauskaitė J, Dulskas A. Primary melanoma of the anorectal region: clinical and histopathological review of 17 cases. A retrospective cohort study. Colorectal Dis 2021;23:2706–13.
Fripp VT, Esquivel J, Cerruto CA. Perianal melanoma disguised as hemorrhoids: case report and discussion. J Natl Med Assoc 2005;97:726–31.
Dodds TJ, Wilmott JS, Jackett LA, Lo SN, et al. Primary anorectal melanoma: clinical, immunohistology and DNA analysis of 43 cases. Pathology 2019;51:39–45.
Taylor JP, Stem M, Yu D, Chen SY, et al. Treatment strategies and survival trends for anorectal melanoma: is it time for a change? World J Surg 2019;43:1809–19.
Droesch JT, Flum DR, Mann GN. Wide local excision or abdominoperineal resection as the initial treatment for anorectal melanoma?. Am J Surg 2005;189:446–9.
Morris CR, Hurst EA. Extramammary Paget disease: a review of the literature—Part I: history, epidemiology, Pathogenesis, presentation, histopathology, and diagnostic work-up. Dermatol Surg 2020;46:151–8.
Kibbi N, Owen JL, Worley B, Wang JX, et al. Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for extramammary Paget disease. JAMA Oncol 2022;8:618–28.
Morris CR, Hurst EA. Extramammary Paget's disease: a review of the literature Part II: treatment and prognosis. Dermatol Surg 2020;46:305–11.
Hatta N, Yamada M, Hirano T, Fujimoto A, et al. Extramammary Paget's disease: treatment, prognostic factors and outcome in 76 patients. Br J Dermatol 2008;158:313–8.
Kim SJ, Thompson AK, Zubair AS, Otley CC, et al. Surgical treatment and outcomes of patients with extramammary Paget disease: a cohort study. Dermatol Surg 2017;43:708–14.
Bewley AP, Bracka A, Staughton RCD, Bunker CB. Extramammary Paget's disease of the scrotum: treatment with topical 5-fluorouracil and plastic surgery. Br J Dermatol 1994;131:445–6.