Cognitive perspectives on maintaining physicians' medical expertise: III. Strengths and weaknesses of self-assessment.
Medical expertise
Metacognition
Self-assessment
Journal
Cognitive research: principles and implications
ISSN: 2365-7464
Titre abrégé: Cogn Res Princ Implic
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101697632
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
30 08 2023
30 08 2023
Historique:
received:
01
03
2022
accepted:
09
08
2023
medline:
31
8
2023
pubmed:
30
8
2023
entrez:
30
8
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Is self-assessment enough to keep physicians' cognitive skills-such as diagnosis, treatment, basic biological knowledge, and communicative skills-current? We review the cognitive strengths and weaknesses of self-assessment in the context of maintaining medical expertise. Cognitive science supports the importance of accurately self-assessing one's own skills and abilities, and we review several ways such accuracy can be quantified. However, our review also indicates a broad challenge in self-assessment is that individuals do not have direct access to the strength or quality of their knowledge and instead must infer this from heuristic strategies. These heuristics are reasonably accurate in many circumstances, but they also suffer from systematic biases. For example, information that feels easy to process in the moment can lead individuals to overconfidence in their ability to remember it in the future. Another notable phenomenon is the Dunning-Kruger effect: the poorest performers in a domain are also the least accurate in self-assessment. Further, explicit instruction is not always sufficient to remove these biases. We discuss what these findings imply about when physicians' self-assessment can be useful and when it may be valuable to supplement with outside sources.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37646932
doi: 10.1186/s41235-023-00511-z
pii: 10.1186/s41235-023-00511-z
pmc: PMC10469193
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
58Informations de copyright
© 2023. The Psychonomic Society.
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