Performance of fish sludge solubilization and phototrophic bioconversion by purple phototrophic bacteria for nutrient recovery in aquaponic system.

Nutrient recovery from fish sludge in aquaponics is crucial to improve the economic output of a system sustainably and hygienically. Currently, fish sludge is treated using conventional anaerobic and aerobic mineralization, which does not allow the recovery of valuable nutrients in fish wastes. In this study, a two-stage approach (named as solubilization process and phototrophic bioconversion) is proposed to convert fish sludge into mineral nutrients and biomass nutrients using purple phototrophic bacteria (PPB), thereby promoting the growth of plants and fish simultaneously in aquaponics. Anaerobic and aerobic solubilization methods are tested to pretreat the fish sludge, generating substrates for PPB. Anaerobic solubilization yields 2.1 times more soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) and 3.7 times more total volatile fatty acid (t-VFA) from fish sludge compared with aerobic solubilization. The anaerobic solubilization effluent indicates a COD

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Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.