Application of high throughput in vitro metabolomics for hepatotoxicity mode of action characterization and mechanistic-anchored point of departure derivation: a case study with nitrofurantoin.
Hepatotoxicity
High throughput
Metabolomics in vitro
New approach methodologies
Next generation risk assessment
Nitrofurantoin
Point of departure
Journal
Archives of toxicology
ISSN: 1432-0738
Titre abrégé: Arch Toxicol
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 0417615
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
11 2023
11 2023
Historique:
received:
30
05
2023
accepted:
02
08
2023
medline:
18
9
2023
pubmed:
4
9
2023
entrez:
4
9
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Omics techniques have been increasingly recognized as promising tools for Next Generation Risk Assessment. Targeted metabolomics offer the advantage of providing readily interpretable mechanistic information about perturbed biological pathways. In this study, a high-throughput LC-MS/MS-based broad targeted metabolomics system was applied to study nitrofurantoin metabolic dynamics over time and concentration and to provide a mechanistic-anchored approach for point of departure (PoD) derivation. Upon nitrofurantoin exposure at five concentrations (7.5 µM, 15 µM, 20 µM, 30 µM and 120 µM) and four time points (3, 6, 24 and 48 h), the intracellular metabolome of HepG2 cells was evaluated. In total, 256 uniquely identified metabolites were measured, annotated, and allocated in 13 different metabolite classes. Principal component analysis (PCA) and univariate statistical analysis showed clear metabolome-based time and concentration effects. Mechanistic information evidenced the differential activation of cellular pathways indicative of early adaptive and hepatotoxic response. At low concentrations, effects were seen mainly in the energy and lipid metabolism, in the mid concentration range, the activation of the antioxidant cellular response was evidenced by increased levels of glutathione (GSH) and metabolites from the de novo GSH synthesis pathway. At the highest concentrations, the depletion of GSH, together with alternations reflective of mitochondrial impairments, were indicative of a hepatotoxic response. Finally, a metabolomics-based PoD was derived by multivariate PCA using the whole set of measured metabolites. This approach allows using the entire dataset and derive PoD that can be mechanistically anchored to established key events. Our results show the suitability of high throughput targeted metabolomics to investigate mechanisms of hepatoxicity and derive point of departures that can be linked to existing adverse outcome pathways and contribute to the development of new ones.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37665362
doi: 10.1007/s00204-023-03572-7
pii: 10.1007/s00204-023-03572-7
pmc: PMC10504224
doi:
Substances chimiques
Nitrofurantoin
927AH8112L
Glutathione
GAN16C9B8O
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
2903-2917Subventions
Organisme : Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
ID : 161L0243A
Organisme : Horizon 2020 Framework Programme
ID : 681002
Informations de copyright
© 2023. The Author(s).
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