Effects of social and sensory deprivation in newborns: A lesson from the Covid-19 experience.

Covid-19 Infants Newborns Plasticity Sensory deprivation Visual development

Journal

Early human development
ISSN: 1872-6232
Titre abrégé: Early Hum Dev
Pays: Ireland
ID NLM: 7708381

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Oct 2023
Historique:
received: 16 07 2023
revised: 28 08 2023
accepted: 29 08 2023
pubmed: 5 9 2023
medline: 5 9 2023
entrez: 4 9 2023
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Infancy is a complex period of human life, in which environmental experiences have a fundamental role for neurodevelopment. Although conditions of social and sensory deprivation are uncommon in high income countries, the Covid-19 pandemic abruptly modified this condition, by depriving people of their social stimuli of daily life. To understand the impact of this deprivation on infants' behaviour, we investigated the short-term effects of isolation and use of individual protective systems by mothers during the first two weeks of life. The study included 11 mother-infant dyads with mothers tested positive to SARS-CoV-2 at the time of delivery (Covid group) and 11 dyads with a SARS-CoV-2 negative mother as controls. Neurobehavioral, visual, and sensory processing assessments were performed from birth to 3 months of age. Findings showed the effect of deprivation on some neurobehavioral abilities of infants in the Covid group; in addition, differences in sensory maturation trends were observed, although they tended to gradually decrease until disappearance at 3 months of age. These findings suggest the significant effects of early sensory and social deprivation during the first two weeks of life, but also provide several insights on the ability of the brain to restore its aptitudes by deleting or reducing the effects of early deprivation before the critical periods' closure.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Infancy is a complex period of human life, in which environmental experiences have a fundamental role for neurodevelopment. Although conditions of social and sensory deprivation are uncommon in high income countries, the Covid-19 pandemic abruptly modified this condition, by depriving people of their social stimuli of daily life.
AIM OBJECTIVE
To understand the impact of this deprivation on infants' behaviour, we investigated the short-term effects of isolation and use of individual protective systems by mothers during the first two weeks of life.
METHODS METHODS
The study included 11 mother-infant dyads with mothers tested positive to SARS-CoV-2 at the time of delivery (Covid group) and 11 dyads with a SARS-CoV-2 negative mother as controls. Neurobehavioral, visual, and sensory processing assessments were performed from birth to 3 months of age.
RESULTS RESULTS
Findings showed the effect of deprivation on some neurobehavioral abilities of infants in the Covid group; in addition, differences in sensory maturation trends were observed, although they tended to gradually decrease until disappearance at 3 months of age.
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest the significant effects of early sensory and social deprivation during the first two weeks of life, but also provide several insights on the ability of the brain to restore its aptitudes by deleting or reducing the effects of early deprivation before the critical periods' closure.

Identifiants

pubmed: 37666054
pii: S0378-3782(23)00149-4
doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2023.105853
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

105853

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Auteurs

Giulia Purpura (G)

University of Milano Bicocca, School of Medicine and Surgery, Monza, Italy. Electronic address: giulia.purpura@unimib.it.

Simona Fumagalli (S)

University of Milano Bicocca, School of Medicine and Surgery, Monza, Italy; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Unit of Obstetrics, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy.

Renata Nacinovich (R)

University of Milano Bicocca, School of Medicine and Surgery, Monza, Italy; Child and Adolescent Health Department, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo Dei Tintori, Monza, Italy.

Anna Riva (A)

University of Milano Bicocca, School of Medicine and Surgery, Monza, Italy; Child and Adolescent Health Department, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo Dei Tintori, Monza, Italy.

Sara Ornaghi (S)

University of Milano Bicocca, School of Medicine and Surgery, Monza, Italy; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Unit of Obstetrics, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy.

Marzia Serafini (M)

University of Milano Bicocca, School of Medicine and Surgery, Monza, Italy; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Unit of Obstetrics, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy.

Antonella Nespoli (A)

University of Milano Bicocca, School of Medicine and Surgery, Monza, Italy; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Unit of Obstetrics, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy.

Classifications MeSH