Higher glucose and insulin responses to a mixed meal are associated with increased risk of diabetic retinopathy in Indigenous Americans.
Diabetes
Food
Oral glucose tolerance test
Postprandial
Precision nutrition
Journal
Journal of endocrinological investigation
ISSN: 1720-8386
Titre abrégé: J Endocrinol Invest
Pays: Italy
ID NLM: 7806594
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
09 Sep 2023
09 Sep 2023
Historique:
received:
17
05
2023
accepted:
24
08
2023
medline:
9
9
2023
pubmed:
9
9
2023
entrez:
8
9
2023
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
Prior research has focused on glucose/insulin responses to meal challenges to create personalized diets to improve health, though it is unclear if these responses predict chronic diseases. We aimed to identify glucose and insulin responses to a mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT) that predict the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and compare the predictive abilities with the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Indigenous American adults without diabetes (n = 168) underwent a 4-h MMTT, body composition assessment, and a 3-h OGTT at baseline. During follow-up (median 13.4 years), DR was diagnosed by direct ophthalmoscopy (n = 28) after onset of type 2 diabetes. Total and incremental area under the curve (AUC and iAUC) were calculated from glucose/insulin responses after the MMTT and OGTT. In separate Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for age, sex, and body fat (%), MMTT glucose AUCs (180-min and 240-min) and iAUC (180-min) predicted DR (HR 1.50, 95% CI 1.06, 2.12; HR 1.50, 95% CI 1.05, 2.14; HR 1.58, 95% CI 1.01, 2.46). The predictive abilities were better than the fasting OGTT glucose (p < 0.01) but similar to the 120-min OGTT glucose (p = 0.53). MMTT insulin AUCs (180-min and 240-min) and iAUC (180-min) also predicted DR (HR 1.65, 95% CI 1.09, 2.51; HR 1.58, 95% CI 1.00, 2.35; HR 1.53 95% CI 1.06, 2.22) while insulin AUC and iAUC from the OGTT did not (p > 0.05). Higher MMTT glucose and insulin responses predicted DR and were comparable to the OGTT, supporting the use of a meal challenge for precision nutrition. Clinical Trial Registry: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00340132, NCT00339482.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37684485
doi: 10.1007/s40618-023-02187-0
pii: 10.1007/s40618-023-02187-0
doi:
Banques de données
ClinicalTrials.gov
['NCT00340132', 'NCT00339482']
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Subventions
Organisme : NIDDK NIH HHS
ID : DK069015-36
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
© 2023. This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply.
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