Multidisciplinary Approach to the Diagnosis of Occult Primary Neuroendocrine Neoplasm: A Clinical Challenge.
capsule endoscopy
diagnosis
double-balloon enteroscopy
immunohistochemistry
molecular biology
neuroendocrine neoplasms
treatment
ultrasound endoscopy
unknown primary tumor
Journal
Journal of clinical medicine
ISSN: 2077-0383
Titre abrégé: J Clin Med
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101606588
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
25 Aug 2023
25 Aug 2023
Historique:
received:
27
06
2023
revised:
31
07
2023
accepted:
23
08
2023
medline:
9
9
2023
pubmed:
9
9
2023
entrez:
9
9
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Approximately 11% to 14% of subjects with neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) have metastatic lesions with unknown primary origin (UPO), with the majority of UPO-NENs found in the small bowel. Herein, we assessed the available literature on UPO-NENs, focusing on clinical presentation and diagnostic techniques to identify the primary site. The identification of the primary tumor is important as it affects the prognosis; however, the clinical presentation can be non-specific in non-functioning forms. In the presence of metastatic disease, the histological sample is fundamental to obtain immunohistochemical markers that might orientate the clinician in the search for the primary tumor through radiology, functional imaging and endoscopic techniques. In summary, multidisciplinary management plays a key role in UPO-NENs, even more than in other NENs. Molecular biology and gene-expression profiling represent areas of great interest which might be developed in the near future for both the diagnosis and the treatment of these neoplasms.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37685605
pii: jcm12175537
doi: 10.3390/jcm12175537
pmc: PMC10488469
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
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