The Impact of Co-Infections for Human Gammaherpesvirus Infection and Associated Pathologies.
COVID-19
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV or HHV-4)
Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV or HHV-8)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)
Plasmodium falciparum
Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA)
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
malaria
severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
Journal
International journal of molecular sciences
ISSN: 1422-0067
Titre abrégé: Int J Mol Sci
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101092791
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
22 Aug 2023
22 Aug 2023
Historique:
received:
24
07
2023
revised:
18
08
2023
accepted:
18
08
2023
medline:
11
9
2023
pubmed:
9
9
2023
entrez:
9
9
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The two oncogenic human gammaherpesviruses Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) cause significant disease burden, particularly in immunosuppressed individuals. Both viruses display latent and lytic phases of their life cycle with different outcomes for their associated pathologies. The high prevalence of infectious diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), particularly HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, and more recently, COVID-19, as well as their associated inflammatory responses, could potentially impact either virus' infectious course. However, acute or lytically active EBV and/or KSHV infections often present with symptoms mimicking these predominant diseases leading to misdiagnosis or underdiagnosis of oncogenic herpesvirus-associated pathologies. EBV and/or KSHV infections are generally acquired early in life and remain latent until lytic reactivation is triggered by various stimuli. This review summarizes known associations between infectious agents prevalent in SSA and underlying EBV and/or KSHV infection. While presenting an overview of both viruses' biphasic life cycles, this review aims to highlight the importance of co-infections in the correct identification of risk factors for and diagnoses of EBV- and/or KSHV-associated pathologies, particularly in SSA, where both oncogenic herpesviruses as well as other infectious agents are highly pervasive and can lead to substantial morbidity and mortality.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37685871
pii: ijms241713066
doi: 10.3390/ijms241713066
pmc: PMC10487760
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Subventions
Organisme : European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership
ID : TMA2018SF-2446
Organisme : National Research Foundation
ID : 142089
Organisme : Poliomyelitis Research Foundation
ID : 22/87
Organisme : South African Medical Research Council
ID : SIR
Organisme : ACSR
ID : Young Investigator Award
Organisme : National Research Foundation
ID : PDP
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