Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Infants with Grade III, IV, or V Vesicoureteral Reflux.

Female Humans Infant Male Antibiotic Prophylaxis / adverse effects Glomerulonephritis Intention to Treat Analysis Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / complications Anti-Bacterial Agents / administration & dosage Urinary Tract Infections / etiology Drug Resistance, Bacterial / drug effects

Journal

The New England journal of medicine
ISSN: 1533-4406
Titre abrégé: N Engl J Med
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0255562

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
14 Sep 2023
Historique:
medline: 15 9 2023
pubmed: 13 9 2023
entrez: 13 9 2023
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

The efficacy of continuous antibiotic prophylaxis in preventing urinary tract infection (UTI) in infants with grade III, IV, or V vesicoureteral reflux is controversial. In this investigator-initiated, randomized, open-label trial performed in 39 European centers, we randomly assigned infants 1 to 5 months of age with grade III, IV, or V vesicoureteral reflux and no previous UTIs to receive continuous antibiotic prophylaxis (prophylaxis group) or no treatment (untreated group) for 24 months. The primary outcome was the occurrence of the first UTI during the trial period. Secondary outcomes included new kidney scarring and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) at 24 months. A total of 292 participants underwent randomization (146 per group). Approximately 75% of the participants were male; the median age was 3 months, and 235 participants (80.5%) had grade IV or V vesicoureteral reflux. In the intention-to-treat analysis, a first UTI occurred in 31 participants (21.2%) in the prophylaxis group and in 52 participants (35.6%) in the untreated group (hazard ratio, 0.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.35 to 0.86; P = 0.008); the number needed to treat for 2 years to prevent one UTI was 7 children (95% CI, 4 to 29). Among untreated participants, 64.4% had no UTI during the trial. The incidence of new kidney scars and the estimated GFR at 24 months did not differ substantially between the two groups. Pseudomonas species, other non- In infants with grade III, IV, or V vesicoureteral reflux and no previous UTIs, continuous antibiotic prophylaxis provided a small but significant benefit in preventing a first UTI despite an increased occurrence of non-

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
The efficacy of continuous antibiotic prophylaxis in preventing urinary tract infection (UTI) in infants with grade III, IV, or V vesicoureteral reflux is controversial.
METHODS METHODS
In this investigator-initiated, randomized, open-label trial performed in 39 European centers, we randomly assigned infants 1 to 5 months of age with grade III, IV, or V vesicoureteral reflux and no previous UTIs to receive continuous antibiotic prophylaxis (prophylaxis group) or no treatment (untreated group) for 24 months. The primary outcome was the occurrence of the first UTI during the trial period. Secondary outcomes included new kidney scarring and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) at 24 months.
RESULTS RESULTS
A total of 292 participants underwent randomization (146 per group). Approximately 75% of the participants were male; the median age was 3 months, and 235 participants (80.5%) had grade IV or V vesicoureteral reflux. In the intention-to-treat analysis, a first UTI occurred in 31 participants (21.2%) in the prophylaxis group and in 52 participants (35.6%) in the untreated group (hazard ratio, 0.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.35 to 0.86; P = 0.008); the number needed to treat for 2 years to prevent one UTI was 7 children (95% CI, 4 to 29). Among untreated participants, 64.4% had no UTI during the trial. The incidence of new kidney scars and the estimated GFR at 24 months did not differ substantially between the two groups. Pseudomonas species, other non-
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
In infants with grade III, IV, or V vesicoureteral reflux and no previous UTIs, continuous antibiotic prophylaxis provided a small but significant benefit in preventing a first UTI despite an increased occurrence of non-

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2300161 PMID: 37702442
pubmed: 37702442
doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2300161
doi:

Substances chimiques

Anti-Bacterial Agents 0

Banques de données

ClinicalTrials.gov
['NCT02021006']
EudraCT
['2013-000309-21']

Types de publication

Journal Article Multicenter Study Randomized Controlled Trial

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

987-997

Subventions

Organisme : Ministero della Salute
ID : RF-2010-2308451

Investigateurs

Giovanni Montini (G)
William Morello (W)
Claudio La Scola (C)
Giorgio Piaggio (G)
Marco Pennesi (M)
Alberto Edefonti (A)
Dario Minoli (D)
Angela La Manna (A)
Ilaria Luongo (I)
Rosa Cusumano (R)
Maria Luisa Capitanucci (ML)
Germana Longo (G)
Irene Alberici (I)
Marco Materassi (M)
Francesca Becherucci (F)
Roberto Chimenz (R)
Milena Brugnara (M)
Walburga Cassar (W)
Aleksandra Zurowska (A)
Piotr Czarniak (P)
Przemysław Szcześniak (P)
Anna Kranz (A)
Dorota Drozdz (D)
Anna Wasilewska (A)
Katarzyna Taranta-Janusz (K)
Marcin Tkaczyk (M)
Lidia Hyla-Klekot (L)
Tomasz Koszutski (T)
Maria Roszkowska Blaim (M)
Grażyna Krzemień (G)
Agnieszka Szmigielska (A)
Danuta Zwolinska (D)
Maria Szczepanska (M)
Augustina Jankauskiene (A)
Dovile Ruzgiene (D)
Sarunas Rudaitis (S)
Esra Baskin (E)
Kaan Gülleroglu (K)
Fatos Yalcinkaya (F)
Sinan Genc (S)
Birsin Ozcakar (B)
Nurcan Cengiz (N)
Ali Anarat (A)
Aysun Bayazit (A)
Engin Melek (E)
Bahriye Atmis (B)
Sevgi Mir (S)
Oguz Soylemezoglu (O)
Ali Duzova (A)
Salim Caliskan (S)
Lale Sever (L)
Nur Canpolat (N)
Sevinc Emre (S)
Alev Yılmaz (A)
Zela Ekinci (Z)
Harika Alpay (H)
Nurdan Yıldız (N)
Nilgun Cakar (N)
Gurkan Genç (G)
Selcuk Yuksel (S)
Ariane Zaloszyc (A)
Alberto Caldas Afonso (A)
Ana Teixeira (A)
Lutz Thorsten Weber (LT)
Otto Mehls (O)
Franz Schaefer (F)
Gema Ariceta (G)
Margarita Català (M)
Jose Eugenio Cabrera Sevilla (JE)
Djalila Mekahli (D)
Jacques Lombet (J)
Per Brandström (P)
Friederike Körber (F)
Suat Fitoz (S)
Diego De Palma (D)
Pietro Zucchetta (P)
Donatas Vajauskas (D)

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2023 Massachusetts Medical Society.

Auteurs

William Morello (W)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).
ORCID: 0000-0002-4833-4128

Esra Baskin (E)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Augustina Jankauskiene (A)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Fatos Yalcinkaya (F)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Aleksandra Zurowska (A)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Giuseppe Puccio (G)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Jessica Serafinelli (J)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).
ORCID: 0000-0002-6622-8927

Angela La Manna (A)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Grażyna Krzemień (G)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Marco Pennesi (M)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Claudio La Scola (C)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Francesca Becherucci (F)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Milena Brugnara (M)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Selcuk Yuksel (S)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Djalila Mekahli (D)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Roberto Chimenz (R)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Diego De Palma (D)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Pietro Zucchetta (P)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Donatas Vajauskas (D)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Dorota Drozdz (D)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Maria Szczepanska (M)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Salim Caliskan (S)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Jacques Lombet (J)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Dario G Minoli (DG)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).
ORCID: 0000-0002-8399-3751

Stefano Guarino (S)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Kaan Gulleroglu (K)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).
ORCID: 0000-0003-1434-3824

Dovile Ruzgiene (D)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Agnieszka Szmigielska (A)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Egidio Barbi (E)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Zeynep B Ozcakar (ZB)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Anna Kranz (A)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).
ORCID: 0000-0001-5400-6190

Andrea Pasini (A)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Marco Materassi (M)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Stephanie De Rechter (S)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Gema Ariceta (G)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Lutz T Weber (LT)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Pierluigi Marzuillo (P)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Irene Alberici (I)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Katarzyna Taranta-Janusz (K)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Alberto Caldas Afonso (A)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Marcin Tkaczyk (M)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Margarita Català (M)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Jose E Cabrera Sevilla (JE)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Otto Mehls (O)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Franz Schaefer (F)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).

Giovanni Montini (G)

From the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplant Unit (W.M., G.P., J.S., G.M.) and the Pediatric Urology Unit (D.G.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (G.M.), Milan, the Department of General and Specialized Surgery for Women and Children, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples (A.L.M., S.G., P.M.), the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (M.P., E. Barbi) and the Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste (E. Barbi), Trieste, Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (C.L.S., A.P.), the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence (F.B., M.M.), Pediatria C, Ospedale Donna Bambino, Verona (M.B.), the Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Gaetano Martino, University of Messina, Messina (R.C.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese (D.D.P.), the Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua (P.Z.), and the Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua (I.A.), Padua - all in Italy; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (E. Baskin, K.G.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine (F.Y., Z.B.O.), Ankara, the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli (S.Y.), and the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul (S.C.) - all in Turkey; the Pediatric Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius (A.J., D.R.), and the Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas (D.V.) - both in Lithuania; the Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology, and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk (A.Z., A.K.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw (G.K., A.S.), the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow (D.D.), the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice (M.S.), the Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok (K.T.-J.), and the Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz (M.T.) - all in Poland; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven (D.M., S.D.R.), and PKD Research Group, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (D.M.), Leuven, and the Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Liège, Liège (J.L.) - all in Belgium; the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron (G.A.), and Pediatric Nephrology, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (M.C.), Barcelona, and Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena (J.E.C.S.) - all in Spain; the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Cologne (L.T.W.), and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (O.M., F.S.) - both in Germany; and the Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.A.).
ORCID: 0000-0002-7350-4475

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Classifications MeSH

questionsmedicales.fr › Eucaryotes › Animaux › Chordés › Vertébrés › Mammifères › Eutheria › Primates › Haplorhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Humains › Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Infants with Grade...
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questionsmedicales.fr › Environnement et santé publique › Santé publique › Méthodes épidémiologiques › Caractéristiques des études épidémiologiques › Études cliniques comme sujet › Essais cliniques comme sujet › Essais cliniques contrôlés comme sujet › Essais contrôlés randomisés comme sujet › Analyse en intention de traitement › Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Infants with Grade...
questionsmedicales.fr › Maladies urogénitales › Maladies urologiques › Maladies de la vessie › Reflux vésico-urétéral › Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Infants with Grade...
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questionsmedicales.fr › Maladies urogénitales › Maladies urologiques › Infections urinaires › Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Infants with Grade...
questionsmedicales.fr › Phénomènes physiologiques › Phénomènes pharmacologiques et toxicologiques › Phénomènes pharmacologiques › Résistance aux substances › Résistance microbienne aux médicaments › Résistance bactérienne aux médicaments › Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Infants with Grade...