The prevalence and outcomes of hyponatremia in children with COVID-19 and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C).

To assess the prevalence of hyponatremia among pediatric patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) and determine if pediatric hyponatremia was associated with an increased length of stay, higher rates of mechanical ventilation, and/or elevated inflammatory markers on admission as compared to eunatremic patients. Electronic health records were retrospectively analyzed for 168 children less than 18 years old with COVID-19 or MIS-C who were admitted to pediatric units within the Northwell Health system. The primary exposure was hyponatremic status (serum sodium <135 mEq/L) and the primary outcomes were length of stay, mechanical ventilation usage and increased inflammatory markers. Of the 168 children in the study cohort, 95 (56%) were admitted for COVID-19 and 73 (43.5%) for MIS-C. Overall, 60 (35.7%) patients presented with hyponatremia on admission. Patients with hyponatremia had higher rates of intensive care unit admission when compared to eunatremic patients (32/60 [53.3%] vs. 39/108 [36.1%], Hyponatremia is common in pediatric COVID-19 and MIS-C. Hyponatremia was associated with a lower albumin and higher square root CRP levels. This may suggest an association of inflammation with lower serum sodium levels.

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© 2023 Dalal, Pfaff, Silver, Glater-Welt, Sethna, Singer, Castellanos-Reyes and Basalely.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

ND is a consultant for Triangle Insights Group (TIG), a life science consulting company. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.