The effects of COVID-19 on child mental health: Biannual assessments up to April 2022 in a clinical and two general population samples.

COVID‐19 child mental health general population pandemic psychiatric care

Journal

JCPP advances
ISSN: 2692-9384
Titre abrégé: JCPP Adv
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9918250414706676

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Jun 2023
Historique:
received: 07 12 2022
accepted: 06 02 2023
medline: 27 9 2023
pubmed: 27 9 2023
entrez: 27 9 2023
Statut: epublish

Résumé

The COVID-19 pandemic has had an acute impact on child mental and social health, but long-term effects are still unclear. We examined how child mental health has developed since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic up to 2 years into the pandemic (April 2022). We included children (age 8-18) from two general population samples ( In all samples, parents reported overall increased internalizing problems, but no increases in externalizing problems, in their children. Children from the general population self-reported increased mental health problems from before to during the pandemic on all six PROMIS domains, with generally worst scores in April 2021, and scores improving toward April 2022 but not to pre-pandemic norms. Children from the clinical sample reported increased mental health problems throughout the pandemic, with generally worst scores in April 2021 or April 2022 and no improvement. We found evidence of minor age effects and no sex effects. Child mental health in the general population has deteriorated during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, has improved since April 2021, but has not yet returned to pre-pandemic levels. Children in psychiatric care show worsening of mental health problems during the pandemic, which has not improved since. Changes in child mental health should be monitored comprehensively to inform health care and policy.

Sections du résumé

Background UNASSIGNED
The COVID-19 pandemic has had an acute impact on child mental and social health, but long-term effects are still unclear. We examined how child mental health has developed since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic up to 2 years into the pandemic (April 2022).
Methods UNASSIGNED
We included children (age 8-18) from two general population samples (
Results UNASSIGNED
In all samples, parents reported overall increased internalizing problems, but no increases in externalizing problems, in their children. Children from the general population self-reported increased mental health problems from before to during the pandemic on all six PROMIS domains, with generally worst scores in April 2021, and scores improving toward April 2022 but not to pre-pandemic norms. Children from the clinical sample reported increased mental health problems throughout the pandemic, with generally worst scores in April 2021 or April 2022 and no improvement. We found evidence of minor age effects and no sex effects.
Conclusions UNASSIGNED
Child mental health in the general population has deteriorated during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, has improved since April 2021, but has not yet returned to pre-pandemic levels. Children in psychiatric care show worsening of mental health problems during the pandemic, which has not improved since. Changes in child mental health should be monitored comprehensively to inform health care and policy.

Identifiants

pubmed: 37753155
doi: 10.1002/jcv2.12150
pii: JCV212150
pmc: PMC10519731
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

e12150

Informations de copyright

© 2023 The Authors. JCPP Advances published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

MB is supported by a European Research Council consolidator Grant (WELL‐BEING 771057 PI Bartels). The authors have declared that they have no competing or potential conflicts of interest.

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Auteurs

Josjan Zijlmans (J)

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry & Psychosocial Care Amsterdam University Medical Center Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands.
Amsterdam Public Health Amsterdam University Medical Center Mental Health Amsterdam The Netherlands.

Jacintha M Tieskens (JM)

LUMC Curium - Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands.

Hedy A van Oers (HA)

Amsterdam Public Health Amsterdam University Medical Center Mental Health Amsterdam The Netherlands.
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry & Psychosocial Care Amsterdam University Medical Center University of Amsterdam Emma Children's Hospital Amsterdam The Netherlands.

Hekmat Alrouh (H)

Department of Biological Psychology Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands.

Michiel A J Luijten (MAJ)

Amsterdam Public Health Amsterdam University Medical Center Mental Health Amsterdam The Netherlands.
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry & Psychosocial Care Amsterdam University Medical Center University of Amsterdam Emma Children's Hospital Amsterdam The Netherlands.
Epidemiology and Data Science Amsterdam University Medical Center Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands.

Rowdy de Groot (R)

Amsterdam Public Health Amsterdam University Medical Center Mental Health Amsterdam The Netherlands.
Department of Medical Informatics Amsterdam University Medical Center University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands.

Daniël van der Doelen (D)

Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Centre Nijmegen The Netherlands.

Helen Klip (H)

Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Centre Nijmegen The Netherlands.

Rikkert M van der Lans (RM)

LUMC Curium - Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands.

Ronald de Meyer (R)

Praktikon Nijmegen The Netherlands.

Malindi van der Mheen (M)

Amsterdam Public Health Amsterdam University Medical Center Mental Health Amsterdam The Netherlands.
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Amsterdam University Medical Center University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands.
Levvel Academic Center for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Amsterdam The Netherlands.

I Hyun Ruisch (IH)

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands.

Germie van den Berg (G)

Netherlands Youth Institute Utrecht The Netherlands.

Hilgo Bruining (H)

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Amsterdam University Medical Center University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands.

Jan Buitelaar (J)

Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Centre Nijmegen The Netherlands.
Department of Cognitive Neuroscience Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour Radboudumc Nijmegen The Netherlands.

Rachel van der Rijken (R)

Praktikon Nijmegen The Netherlands.

Pieter J Hoekstra (PJ)

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands.

Marloes Kleinjan (M)

Trimbos Institute Utrecht The Netherlands.
Utrecht University Interdisciplinary Social Sciences Youth Studies Utrecht The Netherlands.

Ramón J L Lindauer (RJL)

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Amsterdam University Medical Center University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands.
Levvel Academic Center for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Amsterdam The Netherlands.

Kim J Oostrom (KJ)

Amsterdam Public Health Amsterdam University Medical Center Mental Health Amsterdam The Netherlands.
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry & Psychosocial Care Amsterdam University Medical Center University of Amsterdam Emma Children's Hospital Amsterdam The Netherlands.

Wouter Staal (W)

Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Centre Nijmegen The Netherlands.

Robert Vermeiren (R)

LUMC Curium - Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands.
Youz Parnassia Psychiatric Institute The Hague The Netherlands.

Ronald Cornet (R)

Amsterdam Public Health Amsterdam University Medical Center Mental Health Amsterdam The Netherlands.
Department of Medical Informatics Amsterdam University Medical Center University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands.

Lotte Haverman (L)

Amsterdam Public Health Amsterdam University Medical Center Mental Health Amsterdam The Netherlands.
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry & Psychosocial Care Amsterdam University Medical Center University of Amsterdam Emma Children's Hospital Amsterdam The Netherlands.

Arne Popma (A)

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry & Psychosocial Care Amsterdam University Medical Center Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands.
Amsterdam Public Health Amsterdam University Medical Center Mental Health Amsterdam The Netherlands.
Levvel Academic Center for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Amsterdam The Netherlands.

Meike Bartels (M)

Amsterdam Public Health Amsterdam University Medical Center Mental Health Amsterdam The Netherlands.
Department of Biological Psychology Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands.

Tinca J C Polderman (TJC)

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry & Psychosocial Care Amsterdam University Medical Center Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands.
Amsterdam Public Health Amsterdam University Medical Center Mental Health Amsterdam The Netherlands.
LUMC Curium - Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands.
Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Centre Nijmegen The Netherlands.
Levvel Academic Center for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Amsterdam The Netherlands.
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands.

Classifications MeSH