Nociception in Chicken Embryos, Part III: Analysis of Movements before and after Application of a Noxious Stimulus.
Gallus gallus domesticus
behavior
chicken embryo
development
movement
nociception
pain
Journal
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
Titre abrégé: Animals (Basel)
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101635614
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
08 Sep 2023
08 Sep 2023
Historique:
received:
20
07
2023
revised:
28
08
2023
accepted:
07
09
2023
medline:
28
9
2023
pubmed:
28
9
2023
entrez:
28
9
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Many potentially noxious interventions are performed on chicken embryos in research and in the poultry industry. It is therefore essential and in the interest of animal welfare to be able to precisely define the point at which a chicken embryo is capable of nociception in ovo. The present part III of a comprehensive study examined the movements of developing chicken embryos with the aim of identifying behavioral responses to a noxious stimulus. For this purpose, a noxious mechanical stimulus and a control stimulus were applied in a randomized order. The recorded movements of the embryos were evaluated using the markerless pose estimation software DeepLabCut and manual observations. After the application of the mechanical stimulus, a significant increase in beak movement was identified in 15- to 18-day-old embryos. In younger embryos, no behavioral changes related to the noxious stimulus were observed. The presented results indicate that noxious mechanical stimuli at the beak base evoke a nocifensive reaction in chicken embryos starting at embryonic day 15.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37760259
pii: ani13182859
doi: 10.3390/ani13182859
pmc: PMC10525827
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Subventions
Organisme : Federal Office for Agriculture and Food
ID : 2821HS005
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