Using participatory action research to empower district hospital staff to deliver quality-assured essential surgery to rural populations in Malawi, Zambia, and Tanzania.

anesthesia engaged research essential surgery nursing obstetrics participatory action research sub-Saharan Africa trauma

Journal

Frontiers in public health
ISSN: 2296-2565
Titre abrégé: Front Public Health
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101616579

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
2023
Historique:
received: 14 03 2023
accepted: 30 08 2023
medline: 3 10 2023
pubmed: 2 10 2023
entrez: 2 10 2023
Statut: epublish

Résumé

In 2017 the SURG-Africa project set out to institute a surgical, obstetric, trauma and anesthesia (SOTA) care capacity-building intervention focused on non-specialist providers at district hospitals in Zambia, Malawi and Tanzania. The aim was to scale up quality-assured SOTA care for rural populations. This paper reports the process of developing the intervention and our experience of initial implementation, using a participatory approach. Participatory Action Research workshops were held in the 3 countries in July-October 2017 and in October 2018-July 2019, involving representatives of key local stakeholder groups: district hospital (DH) surgical teams and administrators, referral hospital SOTA specialists, professional associations and local authorities. Through semi-structured discussions, qualitative data were collected on participants' perceptions and experiences of barriers to the provision of SOTA care at district level, and on the training and supervision needs of district surgical teams. Data were compared for themes across countries and across surgical team cadres. All groups reported a lack of in-service training to develop essential skills to manage common SOTA cases; use and care of equipment; essential anesthesia care including resuscitation skills; and infection prevention and control. Very few district surgical teams had access to supervision. SOTA providers at DHs reported a demand for more feedback on referrals. Participants prioritized training needs that could be addressed through regular in-service training and supervision visits from referral hospital specialists to DHs. These data were used by participants in an action-planning cycle to develop site-specific training plans for each research site. The inclusive, participatory approach to stakeholder involvement in SOTA system strengthening employed by this study supported the design of a locally relevant and contextualized intervention. This study provides lessons on how to rebalance power dynamics in Global Surgery, through giving a voice to district surgical teams.

Sections du résumé

Background
In 2017 the SURG-Africa project set out to institute a surgical, obstetric, trauma and anesthesia (SOTA) care capacity-building intervention focused on non-specialist providers at district hospitals in Zambia, Malawi and Tanzania. The aim was to scale up quality-assured SOTA care for rural populations. This paper reports the process of developing the intervention and our experience of initial implementation, using a participatory approach.
Methods
Participatory Action Research workshops were held in the 3 countries in July-October 2017 and in October 2018-July 2019, involving representatives of key local stakeholder groups: district hospital (DH) surgical teams and administrators, referral hospital SOTA specialists, professional associations and local authorities. Through semi-structured discussions, qualitative data were collected on participants' perceptions and experiences of barriers to the provision of SOTA care at district level, and on the training and supervision needs of district surgical teams. Data were compared for themes across countries and across surgical team cadres.
Results
All groups reported a lack of in-service training to develop essential skills to manage common SOTA cases; use and care of equipment; essential anesthesia care including resuscitation skills; and infection prevention and control. Very few district surgical teams had access to supervision. SOTA providers at DHs reported a demand for more feedback on referrals. Participants prioritized training needs that could be addressed through regular in-service training and supervision visits from referral hospital specialists to DHs. These data were used by participants in an action-planning cycle to develop site-specific training plans for each research site.
Conclusion
The inclusive, participatory approach to stakeholder involvement in SOTA system strengthening employed by this study supported the design of a locally relevant and contextualized intervention. This study provides lessons on how to rebalance power dynamics in Global Surgery, through giving a voice to district surgical teams.

Identifiants

pubmed: 37780427
doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1186307
pmc: PMC10536269
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

1186307

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2023 Pittalis, Drury, Mwapasa, Borgstein, Cheelo, Kachimba, Juma, Chilonga, Cahill, Brugha, Lavy and Gajewski.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

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Auteurs

Chiara Pittalis (C)

School of Population Health, Institute of Global Surgery, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.

Grace Drury (G)

Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.

Gerald Mwapasa (G)

Deparment of Surgery, College of Medicine, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences (former University of Malawi), Blantyre, Malawi.

Eric Borgstein (E)

Deparment of Surgery, College of Medicine, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences (former University of Malawi), Blantyre, Malawi.

Mweene Cheelo (M)

Surgical Society of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.

John Kachimba (J)

Surgical Society of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.

Adinan Juma (A)

East Central and Southern Africa Health Community, Arusha, Tanzania.

Kondo Chilonga (K)

Department of Surgery, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania.

Niamh Cahill (N)

School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Greenville, SC, United States.

Ruairi Brugha (R)

School of Population Health, Institute of Global Surgery, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.

Chris Lavy (C)

Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.

Jakub Gajewski (J)

School of Population Health, Institute of Global Surgery, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.

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Classifications MeSH