Main morphological characteristics and sexual dimorphism of hominin adult femora from the Sima de los Huesos Middle Pleistocene site (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain).
Middle Pleistocene
archaic hominins
lower limb
Journal
Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)
ISSN: 1932-8494
Titre abrégé: Anat Rec (Hoboken)
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101292775
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
05 Oct 2023
05 Oct 2023
Historique:
revised:
28
08
2023
received:
20
12
2022
accepted:
28
08
2023
medline:
5
10
2023
pubmed:
5
10
2023
entrez:
5
10
2023
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
The excellent fossil record from Sima de los Huesos (SH) includes three well-known complete adult femora and several partial specimens that have not yet been published in detail. This fossil record provides an opportunity to analyze the morphology of European pre-Neandertal adult femur and its variation with different evolution patterns. Currently, there are a minimum of five adult individuals (males or females). In this study, we compiled previously published basic anatomical and biometric characteristics of SH adult femora, emphasizing the most relevant features compared to other recent and fossil hominins. The SH femora exhibited a primitive morphological pattern common to all non-Homo sapiens femora, as well as most of the Neandertal traits. Therefore, the complete Upper Pleistocene Neandertal pattern was well-established in Middle Pleistocene ancestors long before the proper Neandertals appeared. Additionally, we highlight that the SH and Neandertal femora share some morphological traits and proportions with modern humans that hold sexual significance in our species, regardless of size. Keeping this in mind, we discussed the sex determination of the complete SH specimens and re-evaluated sex allocation in two of them.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Subventions
Organisme : Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades
ID : PID2021-122355NB-C31
Organisme : MCIN/AEI/
Organisme : Junta de Castilla y León
Organisme : Fundación Atapuerca
Informations de copyright
© 2023 The Authors. The Anatomical Record published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Association for Anatomy.
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