The Dual Role of the Innate Immune System in the Effectiveness of mRNA Therapeutics.
DAMP
NF-κB
NLRP3
PAMP
adjuvants
cGAS/STING
innate immunity
mRNA
Journal
International journal of molecular sciences
ISSN: 1422-0067
Titre abrégé: Int J Mol Sci
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101092791
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 Oct 2023
01 Oct 2023
Historique:
received:
13
07
2023
revised:
24
09
2023
accepted:
28
09
2023
medline:
1
11
2023
pubmed:
14
10
2023
entrez:
14
10
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Advances in molecular biology have revolutionized the use of messenger RNA (mRNA) as a therapeutic. The concept of nucleic acid therapy with mRNA originated in 1990 when Wolff et al. reported successful expression of proteins in target organs by direct injection of either plasmid DNA or mRNA. It took decades to bring the transfection efficiency of mRNA closer to that of DNA. The next few decades were dedicated to turning in vitro-transcribed (IVT) mRNA from a promising delivery tool for gene therapy into a full-blown therapeutic modality, which changed the biotech market rapidly. Hundreds of clinical trials are currently underway using mRNA for prophylaxis and therapy of infectious diseases and cancers, in regenerative medicine, and genome editing. The potential of IVT mRNA to induce an innate immune response favors its use for vaccination and immunotherapy. Nonetheless, in non-immunotherapy applications, the intrinsic immunostimulatory activity of mRNA directly hinders the desired therapeutic effect since it can seriously impair the target protein expression. Targeting the same innate immune factors can increase the effectiveness of mRNA therapeutics for some indications and decrease it for others, and vice versa. The review aims to present the innate immunity-related 'barriers' or 'springboards' that may affect the development of immunotherapies and non-immunotherapy applications of mRNA medicines.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37834268
pii: ijms241914820
doi: 10.3390/ijms241914820
pmc: PMC10573212
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
RNA, Messenger
0
DNA
9007-49-2
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Subventions
Organisme : Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation
ID : 075-10-2021-113, unique project ID RF----193021X0001
Organisme : Russian Science Foundation
ID : 22-25-00516
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