The effects of lifestyle change on indicators of cardiometabolic health in semi-nomadic pastoralists.

evolutionary mismatch market integration noncommunicable disease pastoralism sedentarization

Journal

Evolution, medicine, and public health
ISSN: 2050-6201
Titre abrégé: Evol Med Public Health
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101616698

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
2023
Historique:
received: 01 04 2023
revised: 31 08 2023
medline: 16 10 2023
pubmed: 16 10 2023
entrez: 16 10 2023
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Non-communicable disease risk and the epidemic of cardiometabolic diseases continue to grow across the expanding industrialized world. Probing the relationships between evolved human physiology and modern socioecological conditions is central to understanding this health crisis. Therefore, we investigated the relationships between increased market access, shifting subsistence patterns and cardiometabolic health indicators within Daasanach semi-nomadic pastoralists who vary in their engagement in traditional lifestyle and emerging market behaviors. We conducted cross-sectional socioecological, demographic and lifestyle stressor surveys along with health, biomarker and nutrition examinations among 225 (51.6% female) Daasanach adults in 2019-2020. We used linear mixed-effects models to test how differing levels of engagement in market integration and traditional subsistence activities related to blood pressure (BP), body composition and blood chemistry. We found that systolic and diastolic BP, as well as the probability of having high BP (hypertension), were negatively associated with distance to market, a proxy for market integration. Additionally, body composition varied significantly by socioeconomic status (SES), with significant positive associations between BMI and body fat and higher SES among adults. While evidence for evolutionary mismatch and health variation have been found across a number of populations affected by an urban/rural divide, these results demonstrate the effects of market integration and sedentarization on cardiometabolic health associated with the early stages of lifestyle changes. Our findings provide evidence for the changes in health when small-scale populations begin the processes of sedentarization and market integration that result from myriad market pressures.

Sections du résumé

Background and objectives UNASSIGNED
Non-communicable disease risk and the epidemic of cardiometabolic diseases continue to grow across the expanding industrialized world. Probing the relationships between evolved human physiology and modern socioecological conditions is central to understanding this health crisis. Therefore, we investigated the relationships between increased market access, shifting subsistence patterns and cardiometabolic health indicators within Daasanach semi-nomadic pastoralists who vary in their engagement in traditional lifestyle and emerging market behaviors.
Methodology UNASSIGNED
We conducted cross-sectional socioecological, demographic and lifestyle stressor surveys along with health, biomarker and nutrition examinations among 225 (51.6% female) Daasanach adults in 2019-2020. We used linear mixed-effects models to test how differing levels of engagement in market integration and traditional subsistence activities related to blood pressure (BP), body composition and blood chemistry.
Results UNASSIGNED
We found that systolic and diastolic BP, as well as the probability of having high BP (hypertension), were negatively associated with distance to market, a proxy for market integration. Additionally, body composition varied significantly by socioeconomic status (SES), with significant positive associations between BMI and body fat and higher SES among adults.
Conclusions and implications UNASSIGNED
While evidence for evolutionary mismatch and health variation have been found across a number of populations affected by an urban/rural divide, these results demonstrate the effects of market integration and sedentarization on cardiometabolic health associated with the early stages of lifestyle changes. Our findings provide evidence for the changes in health when small-scale populations begin the processes of sedentarization and market integration that result from myriad market pressures.

Identifiants

pubmed: 37841024
doi: 10.1093/emph/eoad030
pii: eoad030
pmc: PMC10576223
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

318-331

Informations de copyright

© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Foundation for Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

None declared.

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Auteurs

Zane S Swanson (ZS)

Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.

Hilary Bethancourt (H)

Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.

Rosemary Nzunza (R)

Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Nairobi, Kenya.

Emmanuel Ndiema (E)

Department of Earth Sciences, National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya.

David R Braun (DR)

Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, Department of Anthropology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
Technological Primates Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103, Germany.

Asher Y Rosinger (AY)

Department of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, PA, USA.

Herman Pontzer (H)

Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.

Classifications MeSH