The role of general vs pandemic-specific paranoid ideation in the use of recommended health behaviors and vaccine willingness during a worldwide pandemic: An international study in the general public.

Adherence COVID-19 General population International Paranoia Vaccine willingness

Journal

Journal of psychiatric research
ISSN: 1879-1379
Titre abrégé: J Psychiatr Res
Pays: England
ID NLM: 0376331

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
13 Oct 2023
Historique:
received: 24 04 2023
revised: 24 08 2023
accepted: 12 10 2023
medline: 21 10 2023
pubmed: 21 10 2023
entrez: 20 10 2023
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

The public's adherence to recommended COVID-19 preventative behaviors, including vaccinations and social distancing, has been low in certain groups and has contributed to many preventable deaths worldwide. An examination of general and pandemic-specific aspects of nonclinical paranoid ideation may aid in the understanding of the public's response to the pandemic, given that it is a global threat event. A representative international sample of general adults (N = 2,510) from five international sites were recruited with stratified quota sampling. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine the relationships among general paranoid ideation, pandemic paranoid ideation (interpersonal mistrust, conspiratorial thinking, and persecutory threat), general distress (depression, anxiety), vaccine willingness, and other preventative behaviors (masking, social distancing, hygiene). Although general distress and paranoid ideation were associated with vaccination willingness and preventative behaviors, their effects were inconsistent or weak. Pandemic paranoid ideation showed robust direct and indirect effects that differentially predicted COVID-19 preventative behaviors, with higher interpersonal mistrust associated with higher adherence to all behaviors, higher conspiratorial thinking related to lower adherence to all behaviors, and higher persecutory threat related to higher vaccine willingness, but lower adherence to other preventative behaviors. Examination of pandemic-specific paranoid ideation leads to more precise prediction of the public's adherence to recommended health behaviors during the COVID-19 outbreak. This information could be used to inform intervention strategies for micro-targeting different subgroups with nonclinical paranoid thinking, as well as for improving responses to future pandemics and vaccination efforts for other common illnesses.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
The public's adherence to recommended COVID-19 preventative behaviors, including vaccinations and social distancing, has been low in certain groups and has contributed to many preventable deaths worldwide. An examination of general and pandemic-specific aspects of nonclinical paranoid ideation may aid in the understanding of the public's response to the pandemic, given that it is a global threat event.
METHODS METHODS
A representative international sample of general adults (N = 2,510) from five international sites were recruited with stratified quota sampling. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine the relationships among general paranoid ideation, pandemic paranoid ideation (interpersonal mistrust, conspiratorial thinking, and persecutory threat), general distress (depression, anxiety), vaccine willingness, and other preventative behaviors (masking, social distancing, hygiene).
RESULTS RESULTS
Although general distress and paranoid ideation were associated with vaccination willingness and preventative behaviors, their effects were inconsistent or weak. Pandemic paranoid ideation showed robust direct and indirect effects that differentially predicted COVID-19 preventative behaviors, with higher interpersonal mistrust associated with higher adherence to all behaviors, higher conspiratorial thinking related to lower adherence to all behaviors, and higher persecutory threat related to higher vaccine willingness, but lower adherence to other preventative behaviors.
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
Examination of pandemic-specific paranoid ideation leads to more precise prediction of the public's adherence to recommended health behaviors during the COVID-19 outbreak. This information could be used to inform intervention strategies for micro-targeting different subgroups with nonclinical paranoid thinking, as well as for improving responses to future pandemics and vaccination efforts for other common illnesses.

Identifiants

pubmed: 37862907
pii: S0022-3956(23)00452-1
doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.10.014
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

110-118

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Auteurs

Brandon A Gaudiano (BA)

Brown University, USA; Butler Hospital, USA. Electronic address: Brandon_Gaudiano@brown.edu.

Russell Marks (R)

Brown University, USA; Rhode Island Hospital, USA.

Lyn Ellett (L)

University of Southampton, UK.

Suzanne Ho-Wai So (SH)

The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Tania M Lincoln (TM)

Universität Hamburg, Germany.

Eric M J Morris (EMJ)

La Trobe University, Australia.

Jessica L Kingston (JL)

Royal Holloway, University of London, UK.

Classifications MeSH