A Protective Role of Low Polygenic Risk Score in Healthy Individuals Carrying Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder-Associated Copy Number Variations.

ADHD CNV PRS Polygenic liability threshold model SNP SNV

Journal

Biological psychiatry
ISSN: 1873-2402
Titre abrégé: Biol Psychiatry
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0213264

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
21 Oct 2023
Historique:
received: 30 03 2023
revised: 22 09 2023
accepted: 11 10 2023
pubmed: 22 10 2023
medline: 22 10 2023
entrez: 21 10 2023
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

Previous studies have implicated both rare copy number variations (CNVs) and common variants in liability for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, how common and rare genetic variants jointly contribute to individual liability requires further investigation in larger cohorts. This study comprises 9385 participants of European descent and 7810 participants of African American ancestry who were recruited from the greater Philadelphia area by the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. The polygenic risk score (PRS) of each participant was estimated by linkage disequilibrium pruning and p-value thresholding (P + T) methods using PRSice-2. We investigated whether the risk of ADHD follows a polygenic liability threshold model wherein 1) the risk of ADHD requires less contribution from common variants in the presence of a rare CNV, and 2) control carriers of ADHD-associated CNVs have lower common risk allele burden than noncarriers. CNVs previously reported in ADHD cases were significantly associated with ADHD risk in both the European American cohort and the African American cohort. Healthy control participants carrying those same risk CNVs had lower PRSs than those without risk CNVs in the European American cohort. This result was replicated in the African American cohort. However, PRSs were not significantly different in case participants carrying risk CNVs versus those without risk CNVs. These findings provide evidence in support of interactive effects of PRS and ADHD-associated CNVs on disease risk and add novel insights into the genetic basis of ADHD by highlighting a protective role of low PRS in ADHD.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Previous studies have implicated both rare copy number variations (CNVs) and common variants in liability for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, how common and rare genetic variants jointly contribute to individual liability requires further investigation in larger cohorts.
METHODS METHODS
This study comprises 9385 participants of European descent and 7810 participants of African American ancestry who were recruited from the greater Philadelphia area by the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. The polygenic risk score (PRS) of each participant was estimated by linkage disequilibrium pruning and p-value thresholding (P + T) methods using PRSice-2. We investigated whether the risk of ADHD follows a polygenic liability threshold model wherein 1) the risk of ADHD requires less contribution from common variants in the presence of a rare CNV, and 2) control carriers of ADHD-associated CNVs have lower common risk allele burden than noncarriers.
RESULTS RESULTS
CNVs previously reported in ADHD cases were significantly associated with ADHD risk in both the European American cohort and the African American cohort. Healthy control participants carrying those same risk CNVs had lower PRSs than those without risk CNVs in the European American cohort. This result was replicated in the African American cohort. However, PRSs were not significantly different in case participants carrying risk CNVs versus those without risk CNVs.
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
These findings provide evidence in support of interactive effects of PRS and ADHD-associated CNVs on disease risk and add novel insights into the genetic basis of ADHD by highlighting a protective role of low PRS in ADHD.

Identifiants

pubmed: 37865391
pii: S0006-3223(23)01656-6
doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.10.011
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Auteurs

Xiao Chang (X)

College of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data for Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China; Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Electronic address: changx@email.chop.edu.

Huiqi Qu (H)

Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Yichuan Liu (Y)

Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Joseph Glessner (J)

Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Hakon Hakonarson (H)

Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland. Electronic address: hakonarson@email.chop.edu.

Classifications MeSH