Enhanced reactive inhibition in adolescents with non-suicidal self-injury disorder.
Journal
Developmental medicine and child neurology
ISSN: 1469-8749
Titre abrégé: Dev Med Child Neurol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 0006761
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
30 Oct 2023
30 Oct 2023
Historique:
revised:
08
08
2023
received:
13
02
2023
accepted:
26
09
2023
medline:
30
10
2023
pubmed:
30
10
2023
entrez:
30
10
2023
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
To investigate whether the core of the pathophysiology underlying non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) relates to poor impulse control due to impaired motor inhibition (i.e. the ability to inhibit a preplanned motor response). We conducted a case-control study to compare the proficiency of two domains of motor inhibition, that is, reactive and proactive inhibition, by giving the reaching arm version of the stop-signal task and a go-only task to 28 drug-naive adolescents with NSSI disorder (NSSID) (mean age [SD] 15 years 8 months [1 year 4 months]; three males and 25 females) and 28 typically developing adolescents (mean age 15 years 8 months [1 year 5 months]; three males and 25 females). Reactive inhibition, as determined by the duration of the stop-signal reaction time, was enhanced in adolescents with NSSID compared to typically developing controls (194.2 [22.5 ms] vs 217.5 [17.3 ms], p < 0.001). By contrast, proactive inhibition was similar in both groups. Lastly, the level of impulsivity, assessed using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale Version 11, did not differ between typically developing adolescents and adolescents with NSSID. However, adolescents with NSSID were more impulsive than controls in a subscale of the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale. NSSID is not driven by heightened motor impulsivity. Instead, adolescents with NSSID exhibited greater proficiency in reactive inhibition, a proxy for motor impulsivity. We suggest that the enhancement of reactive inhibition strengthens action control, allowing adolescents to suppress their self-protection instinct and perform NSSI behaviours.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Subventions
Organisme : European Union, Erasums+ project
ID : 610134-EPP-1-2019-1-JO-EPPKA2-CBHE-JP
Organisme : Fondazione Antonio Meneghetti
ID : Antonio Meneghetti Award 2019
Informations de copyright
© 2023 The Authors. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Mac Keith Press.
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