Estimation of selected elemental impurities by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) in commercial and fresh fruit juices.
Commercial fruit juices
Elemental impurities
FSSAI
Fresh fruit juices
ICP-MS
Journal
Environmental monitoring and assessment
ISSN: 1573-2959
Titre abrégé: Environ Monit Assess
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 8508350
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
31 Oct 2023
31 Oct 2023
Historique:
received:
11
06
2023
accepted:
06
10
2023
medline:
2
11
2023
pubmed:
31
10
2023
entrez:
31
10
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The main objective of the study is the estimation of elemental impurities in selected packaged commercial fruit juices and fresh fruit juices available in Ahmedabad, Gujarat. Estimation of seventeen samples (9 commercial fruit juices and 8 fresh fruit juices) was carried out for elemental impurities which include lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury, methyl mercury, nickel, chromium, tin, copper, and zinc. Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) with microwave-assisted sample digestion was used to determine the element content of samples. The ICP-MS method was confirmed for accuracy by performing validation with validation parameters such as linearity, precision, and accuracy. The method's trueness was confirmed with single-element standards. The results were compared with Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) standards. Arsenic, mercury, methyl mercury, tin, and copper were within permissible limits in all samples of fruit juices. The concentration of lead was found to exceed limits in 5 samples of commercial fruit juices which were 0.07, 0.13, 0.18, 0.21, and 0.38 mg/kg, respectively. The concentration of nickel was found to be above permissible limits in 5 samples (1.26, 1.72, 1.95, 3.24, and 4.07 mg/kg) of commercial fruit juices and 6 samples of fresh fruit juices (0.19. 0.21, 0.21, 0.42, 0.66, and 2.42 mg/kg). The concentration of chromium was found to be above permissible limits in 5 samples (3.13, 3.51, 4.29, 5.91, and 6.02 mg/kg) of commercial fruit juices and 6 samples of fresh fruit juices (0.80. 0.88, 0.98, 0.99, 1.16, and 8.95 mg/kg). Health risk assessment was performed for elemental impurities. Target hazard quotient and health risk index for elemental impurities were found to be less than 1 which is considered safe for consumers. Hazard index for elemental impurities was found to be more than 1 in two samples which can cause serious non-carcinogenic risk to consumers. Target carcinogenic risk was found within acceptable levels for all elemental impurities in all samples of fruit juices. Essential elements like copper and zinc are required by the human body for various body functions but heavy metals like lead, arsenic, and cadmium are highly toxic to human beings due to their adverse effects and it needs to be controlled. Lead poses a significant health risk to human health. It is essential to further monitor the levels of elemental impurities on a regular basis in commercial and fresh fruit juices.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37904047
doi: 10.1007/s10661-023-11965-5
pii: 10.1007/s10661-023-11965-5
doi:
Substances chimiques
Arsenic
N712M78A8G
Cadmium
00BH33GNGH
Copper
789U1901C5
Nickel
7OV03QG267
Tin
7440-31-5
Metals, Heavy
0
Mercury
FXS1BY2PGL
Zinc
J41CSQ7QDS
Chromium
0R0008Q3JB
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1390Informations de copyright
© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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