Impact of adherence to disease-modifying drugs in multiple sclerosis: A study on Italian real-world data.

Adherence Algorithms Disease modifying drugs Healthcare administrative database Multiple sclerosis Pharmacoepidemiology Real-world data Relapses

Journal

Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
ISSN: 2211-0356
Titre abrégé: Mult Scler Relat Disord
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 101580247

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
24 Oct 2023
Historique:
received: 29 05 2023
revised: 05 10 2023
accepted: 19 10 2023
medline: 2 11 2023
pubmed: 2 11 2023
entrez: 1 11 2023
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system requiring complex diagnostic and therapeutic management. Treatment with Disease Modifying Drugs (DMDs) is aimed at reducing relapse rate and disease disability. Few real-world, population-based data are available on the impact of adherence on relapse rate. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of adherence to DMDs on relapses in a real-world Italian setting. Population-based cohort study. People with MS (PwMS) older than 18 years and residing in the Emilia-Romagna region, Northern Italy, were identified through administrative databases using a validated algorithm. A Cox regression model with a time-varying exposure was performed to assess the association between level of adherence to DMDs and relapses over a 5-year period. A total of 2,528 PwMS receiving a first prescription of DMDs between 2015 and 2019 were included (average age of 42, two-thirds female). Highly adherent PwMS had a 25 % lower hazard of experiencing moderate or severe relapses than non-adherent PwMS (Hazard Ratio 0.75, 95 % CI 0.58 to 0.98), after adjusting for age and sex. Several sensitivity analyses supported the main result. The results of our study support the hypothesis that a high level of DMD adherence in MS is associated with a lower risk of moderate or severe relapse. Therefore, choosing the DMD with which to start drug treatment and recommending adherence to treatment appear to be crucial aspects involving both physicians and patients.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system requiring complex diagnostic and therapeutic management. Treatment with Disease Modifying Drugs (DMDs) is aimed at reducing relapse rate and disease disability. Few real-world, population-based data are available on the impact of adherence on relapse rate. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of adherence to DMDs on relapses in a real-world Italian setting.
METHODS METHODS
Population-based cohort study. People with MS (PwMS) older than 18 years and residing in the Emilia-Romagna region, Northern Italy, were identified through administrative databases using a validated algorithm. A Cox regression model with a time-varying exposure was performed to assess the association between level of adherence to DMDs and relapses over a 5-year period.
RESULTS RESULTS
A total of 2,528 PwMS receiving a first prescription of DMDs between 2015 and 2019 were included (average age of 42, two-thirds female). Highly adherent PwMS had a 25 % lower hazard of experiencing moderate or severe relapses than non-adherent PwMS (Hazard Ratio 0.75, 95 % CI 0.58 to 0.98), after adjusting for age and sex. Several sensitivity analyses supported the main result.
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
The results of our study support the hypothesis that a high level of DMD adherence in MS is associated with a lower risk of moderate or severe relapse. Therefore, choosing the DMD with which to start drug treatment and recommending adherence to treatment appear to be crucial aspects involving both physicians and patients.

Identifiants

pubmed: 37913675
pii: S2211-0348(23)00595-3
doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2023.105094
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

105094

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Auteurs

Laura Maria Beatrice Belotti (LMB)

Epidemiology and Statistics Unit, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Via Altura 3, Bologna 40139, Italy. Electronic address: l.belotti@ausl.bologna.it.

Mirko Di Martino (M)

Department of Epidemiology of the Lazio Regional Health Service, ASL Roma 1, Via Cristoforo Colombo, 112-00147 Roma, Italy.

Corrado Zenesini (C)

Epidemiology and Statistics Unit, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Via Altura 3, Bologna 40139, Italy.

Luca Vignatelli (L)

Epidemiology and Statistics Unit, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Via Altura 3, Bologna 40139, Italy.

Elisa Baldin (E)

Epidemiology and Statistics Unit, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Via Altura 3, Bologna 40139, Italy.

Flavia Baccari (F)

Epidemiology and Statistics Unit, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Via Altura 3, Bologna 40139, Italy.

Ben Ridley (B)

Epidemiology and Statistics Unit, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Via Altura 3, Bologna 40139, Italy.

Francesco Nonino (F)

Epidemiology and Statistics Unit, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Via Altura 3, Bologna 40139, Italy.

Classifications MeSH