Weak measurements and quantum-to-classical transitions in free electron-photon interactions.


Journal

Light, science & applications
ISSN: 2047-7538
Titre abrégé: Light Sci Appl
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101610753

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
08 Nov 2023
Historique:
received: 10 09 2023
accepted: 20 09 2023
medline: 8 11 2023
pubmed: 8 11 2023
entrez: 8 11 2023
Statut: epublish

Résumé

How does the quantum-to-classical transition of measurement occur? This question is vital for both foundations and applications of quantum mechanics. Here, we develop a new measurement-based framework for characterizing the classical and quantum free electron-photon interactions and then experimentally test it. We first analyze the transition from projective to weak measurement in generic light-matter interactions and show that any classical electron-laser-beam interaction can be represented as an outcome of weak measurement. In particular, the appearance of classical point-particle acceleration is an example of an amplified weak value resulting from weak measurement. A universal factor, [Formula: see text], quantifies the measurement regimes and their transition from quantum to classical, where [Formula: see text] corresponds to the ratio between the electron wavepacket size and the optical wavelength. This measurement-based formulation is experimentally verified in both limits of photon-induced near-field electron microscopy and the classical acceleration regime using a DLA. Our results shed new light on the transition from quantum to classical electrodynamics, enabling us to employ the essence of the wave-particle duality of both light and electrons in quantum measurement for exploring and applying many quantum and classical light-matter interactions.

Identifiants

pubmed: 37938234
doi: 10.1038/s41377-023-01292-2
pii: 10.1038/s41377-023-01292-2
pmc: PMC10632359
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

267

Informations de copyright

© 2023. The Author(s).

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Auteurs

Yiming Pan (Y)

School of Physical Science and Technology and Center for Transformative Science, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 200031, China. yiming.pan@shanghaitech.edu.cn.
Department of Electrical Engineering, Technion, Haifa, 3200003, Israel. yiming.pan@shanghaitech.edu.cn.
Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel. yiming.pan@shanghaitech.edu.cn.

Eliahu Cohen (E)

Faculty of Engineering and the Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel. eliahu.cohen@biu.ac.il.

Ebrahim Karimi (E)

Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada.

Avraham Gover (A)

Department of Electrical Engineering Physical Electronics, Center for Laser-Matter Interaction (LMI), Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 6997801, Israel.

Norbert Schönenberger (N)

Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Staudtstraße 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.

Tomáš Chlouba (T)

Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Staudtstraße 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.

Kangpeng Wang (K)

Department of Electrical Engineering, Technion, Haifa, 3200003, Israel.

Saar Nehemia (S)

Department of Electrical Engineering, Technion, Haifa, 3200003, Israel.

Peter Hommelhoff (P)

Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Staudtstraße 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.

Ido Kaminer (I)

Department of Electrical Engineering, Technion, Haifa, 3200003, Israel.

Yakir Aharonov (Y)

School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 6997801, Israel.
Institute for Quantum Studies, Chapman University, Orange, CA, 92866, USA.

Classifications MeSH