Predictive factors of involuntary weight loss in patients with smell and taste disorders.

Journal

Rhinology
ISSN: 0300-0729
Titre abrégé: Rhinology
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 0347242

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
09 Nov 2023
Historique:
medline: 9 11 2023
pubmed: 9 11 2023
entrez: 9 11 2023
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

Chemosensory dysfunction (olfaction, taste, and trigeminal) affects quality of life, potentially impacting eating behaviors. We investigated which factors are associated with weight loss in patients with smell and taste disorders. Retrospective study of consecutive adult patients seen in the smell and taste clinic during a 10-year period. Patients were asked about smell, flavor and taste impairment. Psychophysically, smell was assessed with Sniffin' Sticks, flavor with a retronasal test, and taste with Taste Strips. A total of 554 patients (313 females) were included with a median age of 51 years (IQR 23). Seventy-six (13.7%) reported involuntary weight loss (median 6 kg, IQR 6) due to chemosensory disorders. The odds of losing weight were 2.1 times higher when patients reported subjective changes in flavor perception. Parosmia was a significant predictor of weight loss. Patients with symptoms lasting longer than two years were less likely to present with weight loss. Post-traumatic chemosensory dysfunction was a significant predictor of losing weight. On psychophysical testing, the probability of a patient losing weight increased by 8% for every 1-unit reduction in Taste Strips score. Factors associated with weight loss were self-reported changes in flavor perception, parosmia, duration of symptoms for less than two years, head injury, and psychophysically measured low Taste Strips score. These data help to identify patients at risk of weight loss from smell or taste impairment.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Chemosensory dysfunction (olfaction, taste, and trigeminal) affects quality of life, potentially impacting eating behaviors. We investigated which factors are associated with weight loss in patients with smell and taste disorders.
METHODS METHODS
Retrospective study of consecutive adult patients seen in the smell and taste clinic during a 10-year period. Patients were asked about smell, flavor and taste impairment. Psychophysically, smell was assessed with Sniffin' Sticks, flavor with a retronasal test, and taste with Taste Strips.
RESULTS RESULTS
A total of 554 patients (313 females) were included with a median age of 51 years (IQR 23). Seventy-six (13.7%) reported involuntary weight loss (median 6 kg, IQR 6) due to chemosensory disorders. The odds of losing weight were 2.1 times higher when patients reported subjective changes in flavor perception. Parosmia was a significant predictor of weight loss. Patients with symptoms lasting longer than two years were less likely to present with weight loss. Post-traumatic chemosensory dysfunction was a significant predictor of losing weight. On psychophysical testing, the probability of a patient losing weight increased by 8% for every 1-unit reduction in Taste Strips score.
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
Factors associated with weight loss were self-reported changes in flavor perception, parosmia, duration of symptoms for less than two years, head injury, and psychophysically measured low Taste Strips score. These data help to identify patients at risk of weight loss from smell or taste impairment.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.4193/Rhin23.222 PMID: 37943027
pubmed: 37943027
pii: 3132
doi: 10.4193/Rhin23.222
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Auteurs

D Daskalou (D)

Rhinology-Olfactology Unit, Service of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
The inner ear and olfaction neurosensory laboratory, University of Geneva, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland.

J W Hsieh (JW)

Rhinology-Olfactology Unit, Service of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
The inner ear and olfaction neurosensory laboratory, University of Geneva, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland.

M Hugentobler (M)

Rhinology-Olfactology Unit, Service of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.

S Macario (S)

Rhinology-Olfactology Unit, Service of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.

R Sipione (R)

The inner ear and olfaction neurosensory laboratory, University of Geneva, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland.

F Voruz (F)

Rhinology-Olfactology Unit, Service of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.

G Coppin (G)

Department of Psychology, UniDistance Suisse, Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, and Laboratory for the Study of Emotion Elicitation and Expression, Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Switzerland.

J Rimmer (J)

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Monash Health, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, and Department of Surgery, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.

B N Landis (BN)

Rhinology-Olfactology Unit, Service of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
The inner ear and olfaction neurosensory laboratory, University of Geneva, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland.

Classifications MeSH