Observational evidence of accelerating electron holes and their effects on passing ions.
Journal
Nature communications
ISSN: 2041-1723
Titre abrégé: Nat Commun
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101528555
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
10 Nov 2023
10 Nov 2023
Historique:
received:
16
06
2023
accepted:
27
10
2023
medline:
11
11
2023
pubmed:
11
11
2023
entrez:
10
11
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
As a universal structure in space plasma, electron holes represent an obvious signature of nonlinear process. Although the theory has a 60-year history, whether electron hole can finally accelerate ambient electrons (or ions) is quite controversial. Previous theory for one-dimensional holes predicts that net velocity change of passing electrons (or ions) occurs only if the holes have non-zero acceleration. However, the prediction has not yet been demonstrated in observations. Here, we report four electron holes whose acceleration/deceleration is obtained by fitting the spatial separations and detection time delays between different Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft. We find that electron hole acceleration/deceleration is related to the ion velocity distribution gradient at the hole's velocity. We observe net velocity changes of ions passing through the accelerating/decelerating holes, in accordance with theoretical predictions. Therefore, we show that electron holes with non-zero acceleration can cause the velocity of passing ions to increase in the acceleration direction.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37949855
doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-43033-4
pii: 10.1038/s41467-023-43033-4
pmc: PMC10638271
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
7276Informations de copyright
© 2023. The Author(s).
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