Variations in gender identity and sexual orientation of university students.
SKAT-O
SNP
gene
homosexuality
transgender
young adult
Journal
Sexual medicine
ISSN: 2050-1161
Titre abrégé: Sex Med
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101631053
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Oct 2023
Oct 2023
Historique:
received:
07
12
2022
revised:
28
09
2023
accepted:
05
10
2023
medline:
15
11
2023
pubmed:
15
11
2023
entrez:
15
11
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Previous studies have shown that a small percentage of people in the general population have atypical gender identity and/or sexual orientation. This study aimed to explore variations in gender identity and sexual orientation in university students and determine genetic factors associated with these variations. Deviations from complete gender congruence and exclusive heterosexual orientation in 736 Japanese university students were quantitatively assessed with self-assessment questionnaires. Next, we conducted genetic tests for 80 participants who showed relatively low gender identity scores and/or atypical sexual orientation. These genetic tests consisted of repeat number analysis of the androgen receptor gene ( We calculated the gender identity and sexual orientation scores of all participants and analyzed the molecular data of 80 selected participants. The gender identity scores of 736 participants were broadly distributed: only ~15% of natal males and ~5% of natal females had the maximum score that corresponds to complete gender congruence. The sexual orientation scores also varied: ~80% of natal males and ~60% of natal females showed exclusive heterosexual orientation. We found no association between gender characteristics and Our data support the view that gender is a phenotypic continuum rather than a binary trait. This study quantitatively assessed the gender characteristics of a large cohort of university students. Moreover, we conducted systematic screening for genetic factors associated with gender variations. The weaknesses of the study were the limited analytic power of the questionnaires, the relatively small sample for molecular analyses, and incomplete clinical information and relatively advanced ages of the control group. This study revealed significant variations in gender identity and sexual orientation in university students, which may be partly associated with variants in
Sections du résumé
Background
UNASSIGNED
Previous studies have shown that a small percentage of people in the general population have atypical gender identity and/or sexual orientation.
Aim
UNASSIGNED
This study aimed to explore variations in gender identity and sexual orientation in university students and determine genetic factors associated with these variations.
Methods
UNASSIGNED
Deviations from complete gender congruence and exclusive heterosexual orientation in 736 Japanese university students were quantitatively assessed with self-assessment questionnaires. Next, we conducted genetic tests for 80 participants who showed relatively low gender identity scores and/or atypical sexual orientation. These genetic tests consisted of repeat number analysis of the androgen receptor gene (
Outcomes
UNASSIGNED
We calculated the gender identity and sexual orientation scores of all participants and analyzed the molecular data of 80 selected participants.
Results
UNASSIGNED
The gender identity scores of 736 participants were broadly distributed: only ~15% of natal males and ~5% of natal females had the maximum score that corresponds to complete gender congruence. The sexual orientation scores also varied: ~80% of natal males and ~60% of natal females showed exclusive heterosexual orientation. We found no association between gender characteristics and
Clinical Implications
UNASSIGNED
Our data support the view that gender is a phenotypic continuum rather than a binary trait.
Strength and Limitations
UNASSIGNED
This study quantitatively assessed the gender characteristics of a large cohort of university students. Moreover, we conducted systematic screening for genetic factors associated with gender variations. The weaknesses of the study were the limited analytic power of the questionnaires, the relatively small sample for molecular analyses, and incomplete clinical information and relatively advanced ages of the control group.
Conclusion
UNASSIGNED
This study revealed significant variations in gender identity and sexual orientation in university students, which may be partly associated with variants in
Identifiants
pubmed: 37965377
doi: 10.1093/sexmed/qfad057
pii: qfad057
pmc: PMC10642543
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
qfad057Informations de copyright
© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The International Society of Sexual Medicine.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
None declared.
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