Biomechanical and histomorphometric analysis of ossedensificatinon drilling versus conventional technique: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review aimed to search the literature for the answer to the following questions: In human studies: Does the osseodensification technique (OD) increase the resonance frequency analysis (RFA) given in implant stability quotient values (ISQ) and the insertion torque value (ITV) compared to conventional technique (SD)? In animal studies: Does the OD increase ISQ, bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone area fraction occupancy (BAFO) over conventional technique? A search for studies was carried out in eight databases until August 2021. Out of the 447 publications found, 11 were included. In human studies, OD showed better results for ISQ with a summarized median difference (SMD) of 8.57. As for secondary stability, there was no significant difference, with SMD of 4.49 in favor of OD. In animal studies, all results were favorable to OD. Regarding insertion torque, BIC and BAFO between counterclockwise OD vs conventional, the SMD was 46.79 for IT, 2.17 for BIC and 2.11 for BAFO. High heterogeneity was observed between the studies. The Risk of Bias in humans was moderate in three studies and low in one; and in animal studies, four presented moderate risk, two low risk, and one high risk. The certainty of evidence ranged from low to moderate. The osseodensification technique showed improvement concerning the resonance frequency and the insertion torque value of implants in human studies. In addition, it increased the values of BIC, BAFO and ISQ in animal studies, when compared to conventional technique.