HIV viral load patterns and risk factors among women in prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) programs to inform differentiated service delivery (DSD).


Journal

Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
ISSN: 1944-7884
Titre abrégé: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 100892005

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
15 Nov 2023
Historique:
medline: 18 11 2023
pubmed: 18 11 2023
entrez: 17 11 2023
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

Differentiated service delivery (DSD) approaches decrease frequency of clinic visits for individuals who are stable on antiretroviral therapy (ART). It is unclear how to optimize DSD models for postpartum women living with HIV (PWLH). We evaluated longitudinal HIV viral load (VL) and cofactors, and modelled DSD eligibility with virologic failure (VF) among PWLH in PMTCT programs. This analysis used programmatic data from participants in the Mobile WAChX trial (NCT02400671). Women were assessed for DSD-eligibility using the WHO criteria among general people living with HIV (receiving ART for ≥6 months and having at least one suppressed VL [<1,000 copies/mL] within the past 6 months). Longitudinal VL patterns were summarized using group-based trajectory modelling (GBTM). VF was defined as having a subsequent VL ≥1,000 copies/mL after being assessed as DSD-eligible. Predictors of VF were determined using log-binomial models among DSD-eligible PWLH. Among 761 women with 3,359 VL results (median 5 VL per woman), a three-trajectory model optimally summarized longitudinal VL, with most (80.8%) women having sustained low probability of unsuppressed VL. Among women who met DSD criteria at 6 months postpartum, most (83.8%) maintained viral suppression until 24 months. Residence in Western Kenya, depression, reported interpersonal abuse, unintended pregnancy, nevirapine-based ART, low-level viremia (VL 200-1,000 copies/mL), and drug resistance were associated with VF among DSD-eligible PWLH. Most postpartum women maintained viral suppression from early postpartum to 24 months and may be suitable for DSD referral. Women with depression, drug resistance and detectable VL need enhanced services.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Differentiated service delivery (DSD) approaches decrease frequency of clinic visits for individuals who are stable on antiretroviral therapy (ART). It is unclear how to optimize DSD models for postpartum women living with HIV (PWLH). We evaluated longitudinal HIV viral load (VL) and cofactors, and modelled DSD eligibility with virologic failure (VF) among PWLH in PMTCT programs.
METHODS METHODS
This analysis used programmatic data from participants in the Mobile WAChX trial (NCT02400671). Women were assessed for DSD-eligibility using the WHO criteria among general people living with HIV (receiving ART for ≥6 months and having at least one suppressed VL [<1,000 copies/mL] within the past 6 months). Longitudinal VL patterns were summarized using group-based trajectory modelling (GBTM). VF was defined as having a subsequent VL ≥1,000 copies/mL after being assessed as DSD-eligible. Predictors of VF were determined using log-binomial models among DSD-eligible PWLH.
RESULTS RESULTS
Among 761 women with 3,359 VL results (median 5 VL per woman), a three-trajectory model optimally summarized longitudinal VL, with most (80.8%) women having sustained low probability of unsuppressed VL. Among women who met DSD criteria at 6 months postpartum, most (83.8%) maintained viral suppression until 24 months. Residence in Western Kenya, depression, reported interpersonal abuse, unintended pregnancy, nevirapine-based ART, low-level viremia (VL 200-1,000 copies/mL), and drug resistance were associated with VF among DSD-eligible PWLH.
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
Most postpartum women maintained viral suppression from early postpartum to 24 months and may be suitable for DSD referral. Women with depression, drug resistance and detectable VL need enhanced services.

Identifiants

pubmed: 37977207
doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000003352
pii: 00126334-990000000-00329
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Competing interests: We report no real or perceived vested interests related to this article that could be construed as a conflict of interest.

Auteurs

Wenwen Jiang (W)

Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.

Keshet Ronen (K)

Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.

Lusi Osborn (L)

Department of Research and Programs, Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya.

Alison L Drake (AL)

Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.

Jennifer A Unger (JA)

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.

Daniel Matemo (D)

Department of Research and Programs, Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya.

Barbra A Richardson (BA)

Departments of Biostatistics and Global Health, University of Washington, Division of Vaccine and Infectious Disease, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.

John Kinuthia (J)

Department of Research and Programs, Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya.

Grace John-Stewart (G)

Departments of Global Health, Medicine, Pediatrics, and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.

Classifications MeSH