Fluoro-functionalized plant biomass adsorbent: Preparation and application in extraction of trace perfluorinated compounds from environmental water samples.

Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) are toxic and widely present in the environment, and therefore effective adsorbents are required to remove PFCs from environmental water. In the present study, a new type of fluorinated biomass materials was synthesized via an ingenious fluorosilanization reaction. These adsorbents were applied for the adsorption of 13 typical PFCs, including perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs) and perfluorosulfonic acids (PFSAs). By comparing their adsorption performance, Fluorinated cedar slag (FCS) was discovered to have the best absorption efficiency and enabled highly efficient enrichment of PFCs. The adsorption recovery of FCS with the investigated PFCs is greater than 90% under the optimal adsorption condition. Ascribed to the high affinity of F-F sorbent-sorbate interaction, FCS had good adsorption capacities of PFCs from aqueous solution, with the maximum adsorption capacity of 15.80 mg/g for PFOS and 10.71 mg/g for PFOA, respectively. Moreover, the adsorption time could be achieved in a short time (8 min). Using the FCS absorbent, an innovative FCS-solid phase extraction assisted with high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray-tandem mass spectrometry (FCS-SPE-HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) method was first developed to sensitively detect PFCs in the environmental water samples. The intra-day and inter-day recovery rates of the 13 compounds ranged from 90.7%-104.3%, with the RSD of 2.1%-4.7% (intra-day) and 2.5%-8.5% (inter-day), respectively. This research demonstrates the potential of the newly fluoro-functionalized plant biomass to adsorb PFCs from environmental water, with the advantages of high adsorption efficiencies, high anti-interference, easy operation and low economic cost.

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Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.

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Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.