Combat ocular trauma in counterinsurgency operations.
Journal
Indian journal of ophthalmology
ISSN: 1998-3689
Titre abrégé: Indian J Ophthalmol
Pays: India
ID NLM: 0405376
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 Dec 2023
01 Dec 2023
Historique:
received:
01
03
2023
accepted:
06
10
2023
medline:
27
11
2023
pubmed:
22
11
2023
entrez:
22
11
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
To identify the pattern, distribution, and causes of ocular injuries among the security personnel participating in counterinsurgency operations (CIOps). This was a multicentric, retrospective review of chart records of patients reporting to three hospitals located in the geographic region affected by CIOps. The hospital registry was examined for all patients diagnosed with any type of ocular trauma between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2019. A standardized proforma was filled out using the case records, and entries were validated. A total of 131 ocular injuries fulfilled the criteria of the study. The mean age of the patients was 32.46 ± 10.2 years. All the patients were males. The causes of the injuries were explosive blasts in 60 eyes (45.80%), gunshot wounds in 15 eyes (11.42%), stone pelting in 16 eyes (12.21%), training-related causes in 26 eyes (29.84%), vehicular accidents in 13 eyes (9.92%), and battery blast in one eye (0.76%). Among the type of injuries, open globe injuries included 66 eyes (50.38%), closed globe injuries included 35 eyes (26.72%), isolated lid lacerations included 14 eyes (10.68%), and isolated chemical injury was seen in two eyes (1.52%). Optic nerve head avulsion was seen in two eyes (1.52%). The study revealed a considerable number of ocular injuries related to combat, with explosive bursts being the leading cause. The incidence of ocular injuries was found to be highest in zone 1. This study emphasizes the importance of the need for soldiers deployed in active CIOps regions to wear protective eyewear, such as ballistic goggles or military combat eye protection, to reduce the risk of ocular injuries.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37991292
doi: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_609_23
pii: 02223307-202371120-00008
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
3615-3619Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2023 Copyright: © 2023 Indian Journal of Ophthalmology.
Références
Ansell MJ, Breeze J, McAlister VC, Williams MD. Management of devastating ocular trauma--experience of maxillofacial surgeons deployed to a forward field hospital. J R Army Med Corps 2010;156:106–9.
Balakrishnan E. Ocular battle casualities. J All India Ophthalmol Soc 1968;16:198–201.
Boparai MS, Sharma RC. Ocular war injuries. Indian J Ophthalmol 1984;32:277–9.
Singh NB, Madan VK, Deshpande M, Gupta RP, Shrivastava SK. Ocular injuries in IPKF in Sri Lanka. Med J Armed Forces India 1990;46:159–64.
Chowdhury SR, Mohan SM. Maxillofacial injuries in counter proxy war posture of the armed forces. Med J Armed Forces India 2004;60:357–62.
Weichel ED, Colyer MH, Ludlow SE, Bower KS, Eiseman AS. Combat ocular trauma visual outcomes during operations Iraqi and enduring freedom. Ophthalmology 2008;115:2235–45.
Blanch RJ, Bindra MS, Jacks AS, Scott RAH. Ophthalmic injuries in British armed forces in Iraq and Afghanistan. Eye (Lond) 2011;25:218–23.
Wong TY, Seet MB, Ang CL. Eye injuries in twentieth century warfare: A historical perspective. Surv Ophthalmol 1997;41:433–59.
Bailoor S, Bhardwaj R, Nguyen TD. Effectiveness of eye armor during blast loading. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2015;14:1227–37.
Auvil JR. Evolution of Military Combat Eye Protection. US Army Med Dep J 2016;(2-16):135–9. PMID: 27215881
La Piana FG, Ward TP. The development of eye armor for the American infantryman. Ophthalmol Clin North Am 1999;12:421–34.
Kuhn F, Morris R, Witherspoon C, Mester V. Birmingham eye trauma terminology system (BETT). J Fr Ophtalmol 2004;27:206–10.
Kuhn F. Ocular trauma: From epidemiology to war-related injuries. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2011;249:1753–4.
Jha KN. Indian soldiers need eye protection. J Clin Diagn Res 2017;11:NE01–3.
Heier JS, Enzenauer RW, Wintermeyer SF, Delaney M, LaPiana FP. Ocular injuries and diseases at a combat support hospital in support of operations desert shield and desert storm. Arch Ophthalmol 1993;111:795–8.
Verma S, Waikar S, Sharma V, Bhatkoti B, Chauhan R. Ocular trauma in counter insurgency and proxy war environment: Epidemiological study, 1992-2004. Med J Armed Forces India 2021;77:390–6.
Chauhan R, Singh A, Bhatkoti B, Mishra S. Epidemiological Profile of Ocular Trauma in a Mid-Zonal Hospital of Armed Forces in North-East Region of India. IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences 2020;19:30–6.
Thach AB, Johnson AJ, Carroll RB, Huchun A, Ainbinder DJ, Stutzman RD, et al. Severe eye injuries in the war in Iraq, 2003-2005. Ophthalmology 2008;115:377–82.
Mader TH, Carroll RD, Slade CS, George RK, Ritchey JP, Neville SP. Ocular war injuries of the Iraqi insurgency, January-September 2004. Ophthalmology 2006;113:97–104.
Parver LM, Dannenberg AL, Blacklow B, Fowler CJ, Brechner RJ, Tielsch JM. Characteristics and causes of penetrating eye injuries reported to the National Eye Trauma System Registry, 1985-91. Public Health Rep 1993;108:625–32.
Thomas R, McManus JG, Johnson A, Mayer P, Wade C, Holcomb JB. Ocular injury reduction from ocular protection use in current combat operations. J Trauma 2009;66:S99–103.
Sundaramurthy A, Skotak M, Alay E, Unnikrishnan G, Mao H, Duan X, et al. Assessment of the effectiveness of combat eyewear protection against blast overpressure. J Biomech Eng 2018;140. doi: 10.1115/1.4039823.