Incarceration history is associated with HIV infection among community-recruited people who inject drugs in Europe: A propensity-score matched analysis of cross-sectional studies.
Europe
HIV
PWID
incarceration
injection drug use
prison
Journal
Addiction (Abingdon, England)
ISSN: 1360-0443
Titre abrégé: Addiction
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9304118
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
11 2023
11 2023
Historique:
received:
03
06
2022
accepted:
22
05
2023
medline:
23
11
2023
pubmed:
22
11
2023
entrez:
22
11
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
We measured the association between a history of incarceration and HIV positivity among people who inject drugs (PWID) across Europe. This was a cross-sectional, multi-site, multi-year propensity-score matched analysis conducted in Europe. Participants comprised community-recruited PWID who reported a recent injection (within the last 12 months). Data on incarceration history, demographics, substance use, sexual behavior and harm reduction service use originated from cross-sectional studies among PWID in Europe. Our primary outcome was HIV status. Generalized linear mixed models and propensity-score matching were used to compare HIV status between ever- and never-incarcerated PWID. Among 43 807 PWID from 82 studies surveyed (in 22 sites and 13 countries), 58.7% reported having ever been in prison and 7.16% (n = 3099) tested HIV-positive. Incarceration was associated with 30% higher odds of HIV infection [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.09-1.59]; the association between a history of incarceration and HIV infection was strongest among PWID, with the lowest estimated propensity-score for having a history of incarceration (aOR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.47-2.16). Additionally, mainly injecting cocaine and/or opioids (aOR = 2.16, 95% CI = 1.33-3.53), increased duration of injecting drugs (per 8 years aOR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.16-1.48), ever sharing needles/syringes (aOR = 1.91, 95% CI = 1.59-2.28) and increased income inequality among the general population (measured by the Gini index, aOR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.18-1.51) were associated with a higher odds of HIV infection. Older age (per 8 years aOR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.76-0.94), male sex (aOR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.65-0.91) and reporting pharmacies as the main source of clean syringes (aOR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.59-0.88) were associated with lower odds of HIV positivity. A history of incarceration appears to be independently associated with HIV infection among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Europe, with a stronger effect among PWID with lower probability of incarceration.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
2177-2192Subventions
Organisme : Wellcome Trust
ID : WT 226619/Z/22/Z
Pays : United Kingdom
Investigateurs
Kate Dolan
(K)
Lucas Wiessing
(L)
Katri Abel-Ollo
(K)
Rebecca Bosworth
(R)
Joan Colom
(J)
Albert Espelt
(A)
Anastasios Fotiou
(A)
Luis de la Fuente
(L)
David Goldberg
(D)
Victoria González
(V)
Laurence Guillorit
(L)
Sharon J Hutchinson
(SJ)
Mirjam Kretzschmar
(M)
Esa Läärä
(E)
Xavier Majó
(X)
Mercè Meroño
(M)
Alison Munro
(A)
Lavinius Sava
(L)
Informations de copyright
© 2023 Society for the Study of Addiction.
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