Maternal birth weight as an indicator of early-onset and late-onset hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: The Japan Environment and Children's study.

This study aimed to investigate the association between maternal birth weight (MBW) and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) according to the gestational age when HDP develops. A total of 77,345 subjects were included in this prospective birth cohort study. The association between MBW and HDP was investigated by a multinomial logistic regression model. Early-onset HDP (EO-HDP), preterm late-onset HDP (preterm LO-HDP), and term late-onset HDP (term LO-HDP). Lower MBW was associated with higher odds of preterm and term LO-HDP (p-values for trend < 0.0001 and = 0.0005, respectively). A linear association between MBW and EO-HDP was observed (p-values for trend = 0.0496). The shape of the association between MBW and preterm LO-HDP was a combination of the associations between MBW with EO-HDP or LO-HDP. The effect size of the association between MBW < 2,500 g and EO-HDP was lower than that of MBW < 2,500 g with preterm or term LO-HDP. The adjusted odds ratios for EO-HDP, preterm LO-HDP, and term LO-HDP in subjects with MBW < 2,500 g were 1.052 (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.665-1.664), 1.745 (95 % CI: 1.220-2.496), and 1.496 (95 % CI: 1.154-1.939), respectively. MBW was associated with HDP, regardless of gestational age when HDP developed. Furthermore, the association of MBW < 2,500 g with preterm or term LO-HDP was stronger than that with EO-HDP.

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Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.