Gingival Enlargement Can Constitute the Only Diagnostic Sign of Leukemia: Report of an Unusual Case.

acute myeloid leukemia ( aml) cd117 cd45 cd68 gingival overgrowth leukemia 

Journal

Cureus
ISSN: 2168-8184
Titre abrégé: Cureus
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101596737

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Oct 2023
Historique:
accepted: 30 10 2023
medline: 30 11 2023
pubmed: 30 11 2023
entrez: 30 11 2023
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Gingival hyperplasia may arise due to microbial-related local irritation, mouth breathing, drug administration, genetic disorders, leukemia, Wegener granulomatosis, Crohn's disease, and sarcoidosis. The background may be inflammatory, fibrotic, or combined. The aim of this study was to present the diagnostic procedure for a case of gingival enlargement, which was the only sign of a severe systemic disease in a young male adult. The patient was referred, complaining of persistent gingival bleeding in the posterior area of the maxilla, bilaterally. Clinically, a diffuse gingival enlargement was noticed without regional lymphadenopathy. The histopathological examination revealed abundant neoplastic cells of hemopoietic origin with strong and diffuse positivity for CD45 and CD68, and in addition, scattered neoplastic cells exhibited mild to moderate positivity for c-kit (CD117), indicating the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia, which diffusely infiltrated the lamina propria of the gingiva. The numerous conditions leading to gingival enlargement other than gingivitis or periodontitis are a diagnostic challenge in clinical practices. From this point of view, the role of the dentist is crucial when commencing the diagnosis of severe systemic diseases like leukemia.

Identifiants

pubmed: 38034185
doi: 10.7759/cureus.47959
pmc: PMC10685703
doi:

Types de publication

Case Reports

Langues

eng

Pagination

e47959

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2023, Zisis et al.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

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Auteurs

Vasileios Zisis (V)

Oral Medicine/Pathology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, GRC.

Stefanos Zisis (S)

Periodontology, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, DEU.

Eleuftherios Anagnostou (E)

Oral Medicine/Pathology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, GRC.

Nikolaos Dabarakis (N)

Dentoalveolar Surgery, Implantology and Oral Radiology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, GRC.

Athanasios Poulopoulos (A)

Oral Medicine/Pathology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, GRC.

Dimitrios Andreadis (D)

Oral Medicine/Pathology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, GRC.

Classifications MeSH