The complete anatomy of the prostatic artery: a meta-analysis based on 7421 arteries with implications for embolization and urological procedures.

BACKGROUND

The goal of the present meta-analysis was to offer physicians the most evidence-based data concerning the anatomical characteristics of the prostatic artery (PA).

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Medical databases including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Cochrane Library were searched trough. The overall search process was performed in 3 stages.

RESULTS

The results were established based on a total of 7421 arteries. PA was found to originate from an internal pudendal artery with a pooled prevalence of 28.81% (95% CI: 26.23% - 31.46%). Mean diameter of the PA was found to be 1.52 mm (SE = 0.07). . Single PA was found to occur in 76.43% of the patients (95% CI: 60.96% - 89.12%).

CONCLUSIONS

In conclusion, the authors of the present study believe that this is the most accurate and up-to-date analysis regarding the highly variable anatomy of the PA. The PA originates most commonly from the internal pudendal artery (28.81%); however, it may also originate from other pelvic arteries, including the middle anorectal or the superior gluteal arteries. Moreover, accessory PAs may occur, yet, a single main PA supplying the prostate gland is most frequently observed (76.43%). The PA may also form anastomoses with the adjacent arteries (pooled prevalence of 45.20%), which may create a complex vascular network in the pelvis. It is hoped that the current meta-analysis may help to decrease the potential complications that may emerge from diverse endovascular and urological procedures.