Developing, implementing and evaluating the effectiveness of a sleep health educational module for pharmacy students.

Pharmacists need sleep health knowledge and management skills to deliver evidence-based treatments to patients with sleep disorders/disturbance. The aim of this study was to develop, implement and evaluate a pedagogically informed-interactive sleep health educational module for pharmacy students. An educational module utilising a flipped classroom approach, with an interactive lecture, student self-reflection of sleep patterns, case discussions and pharmacist-patient role-play scenarios, was designed and implemented. A questionnaire assessing pre-/post-module changes in knowledge about and attitudes towards sleep health as well as post-module learning satisfaction, was administered to all participating 2 Mean total knowledge scores for participating students (n=125, 70.4% females) improved significantly, from a baseline of 11.1 ± 3.8 to 17.1 ± 3.5 post-module (range: 0 - 25). Attitudes towards sleep health were moderately high at baseline (28.8 ± 3.2) and improved marginally post-module (29.4 ± 3.8) (range: 10 - 50); however, this increase was insignificant. Participants expressed high satisfaction with the module through subjective feedback, and post-module reflective statements indicated plans for changing sleep behaviours. The results of this study have shown that a targeted educational module for pharmacy students improved sleep health knowledge. It appeared that positive attitudes towards sleep health were not significantly increased which may reflect a ceiling effect. Future modules should focus on attitudinal aspects of positive sleep health to enhance pharmacists' skills in providing clinically related sleep health care in patients with sleep disturbance.

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Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Inc.

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Declaration of Competing Interest The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. Declaration of interest The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.