Computed tomography quantitative analysis of cranial vault dysmorphology and severity of facial complex changes in posterior synostotic plagiocephaly patients.

Craniofacial skeleton changes High-resolution computed tomography Oblique cranial length ratio Posterior synostotic plagiocephaly

Journal

Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery
ISSN: 1433-0350
Titre abrégé: Childs Nerv Syst
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 8503227

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
14 Dec 2023
Historique:
received: 12 10 2023
accepted: 12 11 2023
medline: 14 12 2023
pubmed: 14 12 2023
entrez: 14 12 2023
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

Posterior synostotic plagiocephaly (PSP) impacts craniofacial skeleton. Study quantifies facial changes in children with PSP to investigate the impact of age and PSP severity at diagnosis on the facial dysmorphology. High-resolution preoperative CT images of 22 infants with PSP were analyzed. They were divided according to the early or late age at time of diagnosis. Each group was further subdivided according to the severity of PSP evaluated by the cranial vault asymmetry index (CVAI): mild-moderate PSP (CVAI between 3 and 12%) and severe PSP (CVAI > 12%). Analysis of the facial complex was performed. Each group was compared with age-matched healthy subjects. All children exhibited unilateral lambdoid suture synostosis. The "early" diagnosis group consisted of 7 children with mild-moderate PSP while the "late" diagnosis group of 15 children in which 6 children had mild-moderate and 9 children severe PSP. All children showed altered position of glenoid fossae and mandibular asymmetry characterized by reduced mandibular diagonal distance length on the affected side while the subgroup of children with severe PSP detected in "late" diagnosis group had also altered mandibular inclination and reduced midfacial depth on both sides. PSP causes cranial base dysmorphology which drives changes in facial complex growth; the severity of facial changes mainly depends on the severity of cranial vault dysmorphology detected by CVAI. Mandible reshapes early under the stress of altered biomechanical forces of the skull base while changes in the maxilla are secondary to the asymmetric growth of the mandible and occur only in severe cases.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Posterior synostotic plagiocephaly (PSP) impacts craniofacial skeleton. Study quantifies facial changes in children with PSP to investigate the impact of age and PSP severity at diagnosis on the facial dysmorphology.
MATERIAL AND METHODS METHODS
High-resolution preoperative CT images of 22 infants with PSP were analyzed. They were divided according to the early or late age at time of diagnosis. Each group was further subdivided according to the severity of PSP evaluated by the cranial vault asymmetry index (CVAI): mild-moderate PSP (CVAI between 3 and 12%) and severe PSP (CVAI > 12%). Analysis of the facial complex was performed. Each group was compared with age-matched healthy subjects.
RESULTS RESULTS
All children exhibited unilateral lambdoid suture synostosis. The "early" diagnosis group consisted of 7 children with mild-moderate PSP while the "late" diagnosis group of 15 children in which 6 children had mild-moderate and 9 children severe PSP. All children showed altered position of glenoid fossae and mandibular asymmetry characterized by reduced mandibular diagonal distance length on the affected side while the subgroup of children with severe PSP detected in "late" diagnosis group had also altered mandibular inclination and reduced midfacial depth on both sides.
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
PSP causes cranial base dysmorphology which drives changes in facial complex growth; the severity of facial changes mainly depends on the severity of cranial vault dysmorphology detected by CVAI. Mandible reshapes early under the stress of altered biomechanical forces of the skull base while changes in the maxilla are secondary to the asymmetric growth of the mandible and occur only in severe cases.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1007/s00381-023-06227-1 PMID: 38095653
pubmed: 38095653
doi: 10.1007/s00381-023-06227-1
pii: 10.1007/s00381-023-06227-1
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Informations de copyright

© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

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Auteurs

Rosalinda Calandrelli (R)

Radiology and Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Imaging, Radiation Therapy and Hematology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.

Fabio Pilato (F)

Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128, Rome, Italy.
Research Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Psychiatry, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128, Rome, Italy.

Luca Massimi (L)

Pediatric Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Department, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy. lucamax30@hotmail.com.

Gabriella D'Apolito (G)

Radiology and Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Imaging, Radiation Therapy and Hematology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.

Laura Tuzza (L)

Radiology and Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Imaging, Radiation Therapy and Hematology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.

Simona Gaudino (S)

Radiology and Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Imaging, Radiation Therapy and Hematology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.

Classifications MeSH