Preoperative Risk Factors and Postoperative Complications of COVID-positive Children Requiring Urgent or Emergent Surgical Care.

COVID-19 Pediatric surgery Postoperative complications Preoperative risk factors

Journal

Journal of pediatric surgery
ISSN: 1531-5037
Titre abrégé: J Pediatr Surg
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0052631

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
21 Nov 2023
Historique:
received: 25 06 2023
revised: 16 10 2023
accepted: 15 11 2023
medline: 17 12 2023
pubmed: 17 12 2023
entrez: 16 12 2023
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

Preoperative COVID-19 testing protocols were widely implemented for children requiring surgery, leading to increased resource consumption and many delayed or canceled operations or procedures. This study using multi-center data investigated the relationship between preoperative risk factors, COVID-positivity, and postoperative outcomes among children undergoing common urgent and emergent procedures. Children (<18 years) who underwent common urgent and emergent procedures were identified in the 2021 National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Pediatric database. The outcomes of COVID-positive and non-COVID-positive (negative or untested) children were compared using simple and multivariable regression models. Among 40,628 children undergoing gastrointestinal surgery (appendectomy, cholecystectomy), long bone fracture fixation, cerebrospinal fluid shunt procedures, gonadal procedures (testicular detorsion, ovarian procedures), and pyloromyotomy, 576 (1.4%) were COVID-positive. COVID-positive children had higher American Society of Anesthesiologists scores (p ≤ 0.001) and more frequently had preoperative sepsis (p ≤ 0.016) compared to non-COVID-positive children; however, other preoperative risk factors, including comorbidities, were largely similar. COVID-positive children had a longer length of stay than non-COVID-positive children (median 1.0 [IQR 0.0-2.0] vs. 1.0 [IQR 0.0-1.0], p < 0.001). However, there were no associations between COVID-19 positivity and overall complications, pulmonary complications, infectious complications, or readmissions. Despite increased preoperative risk factors, COVID-positive children did not have an increased risk of postoperative complications after common urgent and emergent procedures. However, length of stay was greater for COVID-positive children, likely due to delays in surgery related to COVID-19 protocols. These findings may be applicable to future preoperative testing and surgical timing guidelines related to respiratory viral illnesses in children. III.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Preoperative COVID-19 testing protocols were widely implemented for children requiring surgery, leading to increased resource consumption and many delayed or canceled operations or procedures. This study using multi-center data investigated the relationship between preoperative risk factors, COVID-positivity, and postoperative outcomes among children undergoing common urgent and emergent procedures.
METHODS METHODS
Children (<18 years) who underwent common urgent and emergent procedures were identified in the 2021 National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Pediatric database. The outcomes of COVID-positive and non-COVID-positive (negative or untested) children were compared using simple and multivariable regression models.
RESULTS RESULTS
Among 40,628 children undergoing gastrointestinal surgery (appendectomy, cholecystectomy), long bone fracture fixation, cerebrospinal fluid shunt procedures, gonadal procedures (testicular detorsion, ovarian procedures), and pyloromyotomy, 576 (1.4%) were COVID-positive. COVID-positive children had higher American Society of Anesthesiologists scores (p ≤ 0.001) and more frequently had preoperative sepsis (p ≤ 0.016) compared to non-COVID-positive children; however, other preoperative risk factors, including comorbidities, were largely similar. COVID-positive children had a longer length of stay than non-COVID-positive children (median 1.0 [IQR 0.0-2.0] vs. 1.0 [IQR 0.0-1.0], p < 0.001). However, there were no associations between COVID-19 positivity and overall complications, pulmonary complications, infectious complications, or readmissions.
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
Despite increased preoperative risk factors, COVID-positive children did not have an increased risk of postoperative complications after common urgent and emergent procedures. However, length of stay was greater for COVID-positive children, likely due to delays in surgery related to COVID-19 protocols. These findings may be applicable to future preoperative testing and surgical timing guidelines related to respiratory viral illnesses in children.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE METHODS
III.

Identifiants

pubmed: 38104034
pii: S0022-3468(23)00691-7
doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2023.11.007
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Auteurs

Kendall Gross (K)

Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Wisconsin and Medical College of Wisconsin, 999 N 92nd Street, Suite 320, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.

Christina Georgeades (C)

Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Wisconsin and Medical College of Wisconsin, 999 N 92nd Street, Suite 320, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.

Carisa Bergner (C)

Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Wisconsin and Medical College of Wisconsin, 999 N 92nd Street, Suite 320, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.

Kyle J Van Arendonk (KJ)

Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Wisconsin and Medical College of Wisconsin, 999 N 92nd Street, Suite 320, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.

Jose H Salazar (JH)

Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Wisconsin and Medical College of Wisconsin, 999 N 92nd Street, Suite 320, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA. Electronic address: jsalazar@childrenswi.org.

Classifications MeSH